Čerkesie
Čerkesie Адыгэ Хэку / Adıgə Xəku Адыгей / Adıgey
| |||||||||||
Motto: Псэм ипэ напэ! / Psəm yipə napə! (česky „Čest před životem!“) | |||||||||||
geografie
| |||||||||||
rozloha: | 82 000 km² | ||||||||||
obyvatelstvo | |||||||||||
počet obyvatel: | |||||||||||
národnostní složení: | |||||||||||
čerkeské, abazinština | |||||||||||
státní útvar | |||||||||||
státní útvary a území | |||||||||||
|
Čerkesie (adygejsky Адыгэ Хэку, tj. Čerkeská vlast) je bývalá země a region na severním Kavkaze a na severovýchodním pobřeží Černého moře.[1] Je domovem Čerkesů. Byla zničena během rusko-čerkeské války (1763–1864), která začala ruskou okupací a postupně bylo 91% Čerkesů z tohoto regionu vyhnáno. Dnes většina Čerkesů žije v exilu.
Historicky Čerkesie pokrývala jižní polovinu dnešního Krasnodarského kraje, Adygejsko, Karačajsko-Čerkesko, Kabardsko-Balkarsko a části Severní Osetie-Alanie a Stavropolský kraj, ohraničené řekou Kubáň na severu, která ji oddělovala od carského Ruska.
Odkazy
Reference
- ↑ Šablona:Cite EB1911
Externí odkazy
- Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Čerkesko na Wikimedia Commons
Média použitá na této stránce
No official flag.
Autor: Гвына Юсыф Т., Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
Map of Circassian Independence Majlis in 1860
1857. Coat of arms of Cherkasy and Mountain Princes. Drawing to Law No. 31720 of April 11, 1857. "The highest approved drawings of the State Emblem, coats of arms of members of the Imperial Family, seals: State, present places and officials, and arks for the State Seals. Coats of arms mentioned in the full title of His Imperial Majesty States, Kingdoms, Grand Duchy, the family coat of arms of His Majesty and coats of arms of Principalities and regions.
Autor: Dekodrak, Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
Flag of Kabardia from the early 19th century.
Autor: Vorziblix, Licence: CC0
The flag of the Golden Horde, as shown in Angelino Dulcert's 1339 map. A similar flag appears in the later Catalan Atlas (1375), providing corroboration.
See also Early Mongol Flags at crwflags.com:
- One of the charges is a crescent and the other looks like a simplified form of the tamga from the flag of Idel Ural. On different copies of the flag, the crescent has different size; it is often smaller than shown here, sometimes even reduced into a simple oblique stroke and conjoined with the other charge into a si[n]gle symmetrical object; the other charge also sometimes lacks the oblique part [2, 3]. It was obviously difficult to draw the charges always the same way. The cities with this flag which are easy to identify are [2, 7, 8]: Sarai, the capital (spelled Sarra) - there is also a depiction of the ruler, "Jani Beg Lord of Sarai" ("Jambech senyor de Sarra"); Tana, present-day Azov, Russia; and Urgench, Uzbekistan (spelled Organci, with a cedilla under the c; nowadays ruined). This flag is a variant of the flag of "Emperor of Sarai" ("Emperador de Sara") from "Libro del conoscimiento de los reinos" [7] and might be the one that had really existed, considering the similarity of its charges with those from the flag of Idel Ural.
- [2] Enciclopedia universal ilustrada, vol. XXI, Espan~a Madrid: Espasa-Calpe S.A., 1968
- [3] Istorija otkric'a i istraz<ivanja, vol. I: Poc<etak istraz<ivanja; Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana, 1979; Original title: A History of Discovery and Exploration, vol. I: The Search Begins;(C) 1973 Aldus Books Limited, London
- [7] Libro del Conoscimiento. Viajes medievales, vol. I Madrid: Fundacio'n Jose' Antonio de Castro, 2005 ISBN 84-96452-11-5 (complete edition) ISBN 84-96452-12-3 (vol. I) [e9s50]
- [8] A[p]pendices. (Ibid.)
- Tomislav Todorovic, 21 April 2007
Autor: Octane, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
Circassian flag, made from File:Circass.gif.