Amálek

Amálek
The pictorial Bible and commentator- presenting the great truths of God's word in the most simple, pleasing, affectionate, and instructive manner (1878) (14761814904).jpg
RodičeElifaz a Timna
PříbuzníAmalekites (přímý potomek)
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Amálek či Amalech (hebrejsky עֲמָלֵק, AMALEK) je jméno Ezauova vnuka, syna Elífaze a Timny[1], jenž se podle Bible stal praotcem stejnojmenného kmene Edomitů, který proslul zarputilou nenávistí k Izraeli. Jméno Amálek se vykládá jako „Ten z Hlubiny“ či „Dolák“ [2].

Podle židovské tradice sahá nenávist Amáleka k Izraeli do doby, kdy praotec izraelského národa Jákob neopětoval lásku Timny. Zhrzená Timna začala Jákoba nenávidět a z trucu se stala konkubínou Jákobova příbuzného Elífaze. Když se z tohoto vztahu narodil syn, svou nenávist odmalička vštěpovala i jemu a později i jeho dětem[3]. Zvlášť zákeřně byli Izraelci napadeni Amálekem v Refídimu[4][5], když po vysvobození z egyptského otroctví táhli pod vedením Mojžíše k hoře Sinaj, kde měli obdržet desky Zákona. Po boji Bůh skrze Mojžíše Izraelcům přikázal, aby v budoucnu, až nastane vhodný okamžik, vymazali památku Amálekovu zpod nebes[6]. Po dlouhé době byl provedením tohoto úkolu pověřen izraelský král Saul[7].

„Toto praví Hospodin zástupů: Mám v patrnosti, co učinil Amálek Izraeli; položil se mu do cesty, když vystupoval z Egypta. Nyní jdi a pobij Amáleka; jako klaté zničíte vše, co mu patří. Nebudeš ho šetřit, ale usmrtíš muže i ženu, pachole i kojence, býka i ovci, velblouda i osla!“
— 1Sam 15, 2–3 (Kral, ČEP)

Saul však selhal, když dovolil, aby byl ušetřen život amáleckého krále Agaga[8]. Zákeřná nenávist tak měla pokračování v potomcích Agaga a vyvrcholila zamýšleným pogromem na židovské obyvatelstvo v perské říši za vlády Achašveróše, o němž pojednává kniha Ester a v němž sehrál tragickou roli Agagovec Haman[9].

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ Gn 36, 12 (Kral, ČEP)
  2. ↑ HELLER, Jan. Výkladový slovník biblických jmen. Praha: Advent-Orion/Vyšehrad, 2003. ISBN 80-7172-865-9/80-7021-725-1. S. 356. 
  3. ↑ KUSHNER, Lawrence. Na tomto místě byl Bůh a Já, já jsem to nevěděl. Praha: DharmaGaia, 2005. ISBN 80-86685-14-4. S. 63-64. 
  4. ↑ Ex 17, 8 (Kral, ČEP)
  5. ↑ Dt 25, 18 (Kral, ČEP)
  6. ↑ Dt 25, 19 (Kral, ČEP)
  7. ↑ 1S 15, 1 (Kral, ČEP)
  8. ↑ 1S 15, 9 (Kral, ČEP)
  9. ↑ Est 3, 1 (Kral, ČEP)

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The pictorial Bible and commentator- presenting the great truths of God's word in the most simple, pleasing, affectionate, and instructive manner (1878) (14761814904).jpg
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Identifier: pictorialbibleco00cobb (find matches)
Title: The pictorial Bible and commentator: presenting the great truths of God's word in the most simple, pleasing, affectionate, and instructive manner
Year: 1878 (1870s)
Authors: Cobbin, Ingram, 1777-1851 March, Daniel, 1816-1909 Brockett, L. P. (Linus Pierpont), 1820-1893 Stretton, Hesba, 1832-1911
Subjects: Jesus Christ John, the Apostle, Saint Bible
Publisher: Philadelphia (etc.) Bradley, Garretson & co. Columbus, Ohio (etc.) W. Garretson & co.
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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The poor fellow revived a little, for he had had nothing to eat for three days and three nights. Then David questioned him, to know how he came there, for he probably suspected he knew something of the Amalekite army. And he told him that he was an Egyptian, a servant to an Amalekite, and that he had fallen sick upon the road, and his master had cruelly left him behind. And that they had been plundering the Philistines, and part of Sauls dominions, and Davids city of Ziklag; having no doubt taken advantage of the absence of all the men of war from these places, who were met for the grand battle between Israel and the Philistines. David then thought he could perhaps tell which way the Amalekites were gone, and he asked him if he could show him the way. The poor fellow said, that he would very readily do so, if he would promise not to kill him, and if he would not give him up again to his master, for he had had such a proof of his cruelty, that he could not bear to think of ever re-
Text Appearing After Image:
BATTLE WITH THE AMALEKITES.
turning to him. When he was so sick and ill he had left him to perish alone, when he might easily have placed him on a camel and taken care of him, and carried him away. However, God permitted him to leave this young man as a guide for David; and he took him to the spot where the Amalekites were encamped, having most likely been told where he would find his master if he should happen to revive. And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah. And David fell suddenly upon them, when they were quite unprepared to fight, and perhaps many were wearied and intoxicated: and out of a large army, only four hundred young men escaped, who rode off on camels, or swift dromedaries used in those parts, while David recovered everything that he had lost, and his wives

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