Džalájirovský sultanát
| Džalájirovský sultanát جلایریان
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Geografie
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| Státní útvar | |||||||||
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| Státní útvary a území | |||||||||
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Džalájirovský sultanát (persky جلایریان) byl státní útvar, kterému vládla dynastie mongolských Džalájirovců. Existoval ve 14. až 15. století na území Iráku a západní Persie jako nástupnický stát mongolského Ílchanátu, který se rozpadl v roce 1330. Po půl století existence ho rozvrátil dobyvatel Tamerlán (Tímúr Lenk), a třebaže se Džalájirovci pokusili o jeho obnovu v oblasti jižního Iráku, roku 1432 byli poraženi karakojunluskou říší, přišli o své hlavní město Tabríz a jako mocenský faktor ztratili na významu.
Džalájirovští vládci
- Hasan Buzurg (1336–1356)
- Šejch Uvajs I. (1356–1374)
- Hasan (1374)
- Husajn I. (1374–1382)
- Bajazid (1382–1383)
- Ahmad (1383–1410)
- Šáhvalad (1410–1411)
- Mahmúd (1411–1415)
- Uvajs II. (1415–1421)
- Muhammad (1421–1422)
- Mahmúd II. (1422–1424)
- Husajn II. (1424–1432)
Reference
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Jalayirids na anglické Wikipedii.
Související články
Externí odkazy
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Média použitá na této stránce
No official flag.
A Flag that represents the Ilkhanate of the Mongol Empire in the Catalan Atlas, a primary source created in 1375. Actual use of this flag by the Ilkhanate is not confirmed by other sources.
Map of the post-Ilkhanate dynasties of the Jalayerid, Chupanid, and Muzaffarid (1314-1432)
Autor: User:Stannered, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
TIMURID THREE ANNULETS SYMBOL:
Three annulets symbol of the Timurids. See article [1] for precise discussion.
_mint._Undated,_circa_AH_795-807_AD_1393-1405.jpg)
FROM THE CATALAN ATLAS:
In the Catalan Atlas (1375), only this flag .png){kind=small}
is used for Eastern Mongol dominions, and it corresponds to the Mongol Yuan dynasty, not the Timurid Empire, which is not mentioned in the Catalan Atlas and was created too late (1370) to appear in the Catalan Atlas anyway.
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STUDY OF THE FLAG by Yuka Kadoi, Faculty Member, University of Vienna ( (2010). "On the Timurid flag". Beiträge zur islamischen Kunst und Archäologie 2: 148.):
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Yuka Kadoi studied the possibility that the "brown or originally silver flag with three circles or balls" in the Catalan Atlas could be associated with the "earlier dominions of the Timurid Empire", specifically referencing a flag shown over the city is camull (Khamil) in Xinjiang. She also quotes Ruy González de Clavijo (d. 1412), a Spanish ambassador who visited the Timurid court in 1404, who describes a a relevant emblematic design adopted by Timur:
"The special armorial bearing of Timur is the three circlets set thus to shape a triangle, which same it is said signifies that he Timur is lord of all three quarters of the world. This device Timur has ordered to be set on the coins that he has stuck, and on all buildings that he has erected (…) These three circlets which, as said, are like the letter O thrice repeated to form a triangle, further are the imprint of Timur’s seal, and again by his special order are added so as to be seen patent on all the coins stuck by those princes who are become tributary to his government."
She also notes the existence of Timur umbrella detail with three-dots decorative motif.
Some contemporary coins from Samarkand also have the three dots as a motif. [2]
Beyond this, scant confirmation.
, the flag with the three red crescent moons which is seen all over eastern Asian in the Catalan Atlas, and which is simply the flag of the Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan China) ((angličtina) (28 October 2013) The World Beyond Europe in the Romance Epics of Boiardo and Ariosto, University of Toronto Press, p. 32 ISBN: 978-1-4426-6667-2. )