Franz Kutschera

Franz Kutschera
Varšavský kat
Kutschera okolo roku 1938
Kutschera okolo roku 1938

Narození22. února 1904
Rakousko-Uhersko Oberwaltersdorf, Dolní Rakousko
Úmrtí1. února 1944 (ve věku 39 let)
Polsko Varšava, Polsko
Vojenská kariéra
HodnostSS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Polizei
Doba služby1931–1944
Sloužil Výmarská republika (do roku 1933)
Třetí říše
Složka SS (do roku 1944)
Ordnungspolizei (do roku 1944)
Jednotka6. horská divize
VelelŠéf SS a policie ve Varšavě
VálkyDruhá světová válka
BitvyBitva o Francii
VyznamenáníŽelezný kříž I. třídy
Železný kříž II. třídy
Zlatý stranický odznak
Logo Wikimedia Commons multimediální obsah na Commons
Způsob, kterým Kutschera s oblibou řešil potíže: poprava stovky rukojmích

Franz Kutschera (22. února 19041. února 1944) byl rakouský nacista, válečný zločinec, důstojník SS a policie v hodnosti SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Polizei. Nechvalně proslul jako velitel SS a policie v okupované Varšavě. Znám též jako Varšavský kat.

Vyznačoval se neobvyklou ukrutností i na poměry panující v okupovaném Polsku, pravidelně pořádal veřejně přístupné masové popravy a praktikoval braní a popravy rukojmích ve velkém. Polský podzemní stát jej za ukrutnosti a masové vraždy páchané na polském národě odsoudil k smrti. Popravu vykonala na příkaz generála Fieldorfa, velitele Kedywu, zvláštní jednotka Agat, složená z harcerů Šedých řad (viz Akce Kutschera).

Shrnutí kariéry

Data povýšení

Významná vyznamenání

Galerie

Externí odkazy

Média použitá na této stránce

Flags of Austria-Hungary.png
Autor: Dragovit (of the collage), Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
Both national flags of Austro-Hungary, the collage of flags of the Cisleithania (Habsburg Monarchy) and the Transleithania (Kingdom of Hungary)
Flag of Weimar Republic (defence minister 1921).svg
Flag for the National Defence Minister of Weimar Republic (1921–1933).
Flag of Germany 1933.svg
National flag and merchant ensign of Germany from 1935 to 1945.
Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg
National flag and merchant ensign of Germany from 1935 to 1945.
Ordnungspolizei flag.svg
Flag of the Ordnungspolizei (Orpo), "order police" or "the green police" in Nazi Germany 1936–1945; Command flag of the Chief of the Order Police; Flag with a wreathed golden "police eagle" (Polizeiadler), the police version of the "eagle-and-swastika" of the Nazi Party and the Third Reich.
Flag of the Nazi Ordnungspolizei (Orpo) "Order Police", the name for the uniformed regular German police force in existence during the period of Nazi Germany 1936–1945. Based on image at [1] and the [Image:Ordnungspolizei_Flag.jpg] on wikipedia
SS-Sturmbannfuehrer collar.svg
Autor: Rama, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
Rank insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the CO-rank “SS-Sturmbannfuehrer” until 1945.
SS-Obersturmbannführer.svg
Autor: Rama, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the CO-rank “SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer” until 1945.
SS-Standartenführer Collar Rank.svg
Autor: Mintz l, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
Rank insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the CO-rank “SS-Standartenfuehrer” .
SS-Oberführer Collar Rank.svg
Autor: Mintz l, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches for officer rank “SS-Oberfuehrer”.
DEU EK 1 Klasse BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: Iron Cross 1st Class 1935-1945 (Third Reich).
DEU EK 2 Klasse BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: Iron Cross 2nd Class 1935-1945 (Third Reich).
Планка Золотой партийный знак НСДАП.svg
Планка Золотой партийный знак НСДАП
DEU Ostmedaille BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: Eastern Front Medal – 3rd Reich.
DEU KVK 1 Klasse BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: German (3rd Reich) War Merit Cross 1st Class.
DEU KVK 2 Klasse BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: German (3rd Reich) War Merit Cross 2nd Class.
Anschluss Medal Bar.PNG
Autor: Realismadder, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
The ribbon bar for the Anschluss medal, awarded to German military personnel, German officials, Austrian members of the NSDAP and other austrians who participated in the annexation (Anschluss) of Austria in March 1938.
Лента Медали за выслугу лет НСДАП.svg
Лента Медали за выслугу лет НСДАП
Totenkopfring.jpg
Autor: Helfmann, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
SS-Ehrenring oder auch Totenkopfring
SS-Ehrendegen img 0482-b.jpg
Autor: Rama, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
Weapons of honour of t he Third Reich until 1945, here “Honorary-dagger of the SS” with handle and scabbard.
WSS-Stuma OF2 slv 1938-1945.gif
Rank insignia of the Waffen-SS to tress articles with shoulder boards (jacked service uniform, until 1945); here cuff insignia (left upper arm), single chevron to the rank:
  • SS-Sturmmann, today NATO OR-2 comparable.
SS-Hauptscharführer.svg
Autor: Rama, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the NCO-rank/ Officer Aspirant rank “SS-Hauptscharfuehrer/SS-Standartenoberjunker” until 1945.
KutscheraFranz.jpg
Franz Kutschera (* 22. Februar 1904 in Oberwaltersdorf, Niederösterreich; † 1. Februar 1944 in Warschau, Polen) Reichstagsabgeordneter und SS-Brigadeführer
Franz Kutschera funeral Warsaw 1944.jpg
Franz Kutschera's funeral procession in Adolf-Hitler-Platz (Piłsudskiego Square) in Warsaw
SS-Zivilabzeichen.jpg
Autor: Agibaer, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
SS-Zivilabzeichen (civli badge) of Hermann R. Senkowsky
SS-Untersturmfuehrer collar.png
Autor: Harolddd, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the Officers rank “SS-Untersturmfuehrer” until 1945.
SS-Obersturmführer.svg
Autor: Rama, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches to the CO-rank “SS-Obersturmfuehrer” until 1945.
Announcement of death of 100 of Polish hostages shot by Nazi-German authority in Poland 1941.jpg
A poster from the Nazi German authorities in Warsaw listing the names of 60 Polish hostages who had been publicly shot following attacks on two members of the German Wehrmacht and four collaborators, and listing the names of 40 more hostages who would be executed at a ratio of at least 10 to 1 if further attacks occur.

Translationː

NOTICE

Despite my repeated warnings, cowardly attacks on Germans and persons in German service were again carried out in the city of Warsaw on 10 November 1943. A Wehrmacht member was seriously injured on Obozowa Street, another Wehrmacht member [was seriously injured] on Nowy Świat Street, a factory security guard was shot on Lochowska Street, a Polish police officer was killed in św. Wincenty Street, and two Polish police officers were seriously injured on Redutowa Street and Kepna Street. I therefore allowed the following sixty people, who had been convicted by the Security Police court and who were expected to be given clemency, to be publicly executed by shooting on 12 November 1943:

[list of 60 names]

Furthermore, the Security Police court, under sections 1 and 2 of the Ordinance on Combatting Attacks Against the German Reconstruction Effort in the General Government of 10 October 1943, sentenced the following to death for possession of weapons and participation in banned organizations on 12 November 1943:

[list of 40 names]

The convicts listed under numbers 1 to 40 have prospects of clemency. However, if, in the next three months, in the territory of the City of Warsaw and the District of Warsaw-Land, acts of violence (especially attacks against Germans, citizens of states allied with the Greater German Reich, or non-Germans working in the interests of the reconstruction of the General Government) are committed, then -- if the perpetrator is not caught immediately -- these convicts with prospects of clemency will be executed, in such a way that at least ten will be executed for each such person [attacked].

If the deed is committed by communist elements, clemency will be denied to Communists from the aforementioned group; if the deed is committed by other misguided elements, clemency will be denied to those who are politically close to them.

It is therefore up to the non-German population to ensure that the sentence is not carried out by immediately arresting or arranging for the arrest of the perpetrator, by acting against misguided elements known to them, or by reporting suspicious persons.

Warsaw, 13 November 1943

The SS- and Polizeiführer in the District of Warsaw
SS-Brigadeführer Collar Rank.svg
Autor: Mintz l, Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0
Rang insignia of the SS/Waffen-SS, here universal collar patches of “SS-Brigadefuehrer”.
Pogrzeb Kutschery plac Piłsudskiego.jpg
Franz Kutschera's funeral procession in Adolf-Hitler-Platz (Piłsudskiego Square) in Warsaw. Picture taken from the Saski Palace