Frederick Christian Palmer

Frederick Christian Palmer
Narození9. ledna 1866
East Stonehouse Manor
Úmrtí14. března 1941 (ve věku 75 let)
Hungerford
Povolánífotograf
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Fred C. Palmer: Západ slunce na Herne Bay, Kent, 1910–1916, fotografie pravděpodobně pořízená z okna jeho studia s využitím filtrů zdůrazňující mraky; sluneční paprsky byly zvýrazněny kresbou na skleněný negativ
Osvětlený pavilón Grand Pier, 1910: snímek po roce 1913 použil Marcel Duchamp jako nalezené umění
Edmund Reid, 1912

Frederick Christian Palmer (1866–1939), známý jako Fred C. Palmer, byl anglický fotograf. Pocházel z rozsáhlé fotografické rodiny, která provozovala společnost William Eastman Palmer & Sons. Časem se osamostatnil a ve svém ateliéru Tower Studio v Herne Bay v Kentu působil jako hlavní fotograf pro veřejnost na počátku 20. století. Fotografoval všechny veřejné události v Herne Bay před rokem 1914, portrétoval výstředního Edmunda Reida, někdejšího šéfa Metropolitní policie, který vyšetřoval vraždy ve Whitechapelu, kde řádil sériový vrah známý jako Jack Rozparovač. V roce 1913 použil jeho fotografii osvětleného pavilonu Grand Pier z roku 1910 Marcel Duchamp jako nalezené umění ve své Poznámce 78, která byla součástí jeho uměleckého díla Green Box. Ve 20. letech a na počátku 30. let převzal studio Williama Hoopera na Cromwell Street ve Swindonu, ve kterém i nadále vyráběl pohlednice, fotografoval prominenty a pracoval na volné noze pro místní noviny a radu.

Dílo

Herne Bay

Vojáci z období první světové války

Ačkoli byl v té době již k dispozici fotografický film,[1] používal Fred C. Palmer velkoformátové skleněné negativy a pohlednice a portréty tiskl přímo z nich kontaktními kopiemi – mohly tak vyniknout jemné detaily. Od roku 1892 do 1903 pracoval pro rodinnou firmu William Eastman Palmer & Sons, na adrese Bloom House, Leicester Road, New Barnet. V době 1903 až 1922 působil jako fotograf a rámovač obrazů v Herne Bay,[2] na 21 High Street a v letech 1903–1905 a na Telford Villa, 6 Tower Parade v letech 1907–1922.[3][4] V letech 1910 - 1916,[5] Fred C. Palmer působil jako volný fotograf pro zpravodajské noviny Herne Bay Press,[6] kde pracoval ze studia Tower Studio v Tower Parade on the Sea Front a kde také pořizoval portréty.[7][8] Vlastnil malý obchůdek (či kiosek) zvaný The Art Gallery (Umělecká galerie) ležící na břehu moře mimo jeho ateliér, kde prodával poštovní pohlednice a portréty[9] Vyráběl pohlednice významných míst a událostí ve městě, jako například velké otevírání pavilónu Herna Baye Piera Grand Pier Pavilion lordem Mayorem dne 3. srpna 1910, nebo slavnostní otevírání haly krále Eduarda VII.[10] princeznou Beatrix dne 13. července 1913. U fotografií v tisku a na rubové straně pohlednic bylo jeho jméno obvykle uváděno jako Fred C. Palmer.

První světová válka

Z období první světové války se o Palmerovi nedochovaly žádné písemné záznamy, ale fotografoval pohlednice Belgičanů, kteří se zotavovali z válečných zranění v Canterbury a Herne Bay[11] Trpěl však nedostatkem stříbra, které se používalo na fotografických deskách[12], což by mohl být důvod zdání, že fotografování vojáků a válečných zranění a možná i dalších děl omezil až do roku 1920.

Swindon

Asi v letech 1920–1921 Palmer převzal studio zavedeného fotografa Williama Hoopera na Cromwell Street č.p. 6 ve Swindonu. Adresáře ulic uvádějí, že tam pobýval v letech 1923 až 1936.[4] Budova je již zbořena.[13] Vydával pohlednice, portréty a působil jako fotograf na volné noze pro místní noviny, podobně jako v Herne Bay před válkou. Jeho služeb využívala také Swindonská radnice. S profesionální fotografií skončil kolem let 1936–1937 ve věku přibližně 70 let a zemřel v roce 1939.[14][15]

Fotografie pavilónu Grand Pier, 1910

Palmerovu fotografii osvíceného pavilónu Grand Pier z roku 1910 použil jako nalezené umění Marcel Duchamp po návštěvě Herne Bay v roce 1913.[16][17][18] Duchamp vystřihl Palmerovu fotografii z letáku a připojil k ní nápis Note 78 (Poznámka 78) ve svém projektu The Green Box, kde popisoval své plány pro dílo zvané The Large Glass (1915–1923).[19] Poznámky obsahující Palmerovu fotografii byly publikovány ve dvou limitovaných vydáních a jsou považovány za součást, a ne jen doplněk uměleckého díla Large Glass.[20]

Portréty Edmunda Reida

V letech 1910–1912 fotografoval Edmunda Reida, někdejšího šéfa divize H Metropolitní policie, který vyšetřoval vraždy ve Whitechapelu, kde řádil sériový vrah známý jako Jack Rozparovač.[21]

Galerie

  • Svatební fotografie, Swindon, 20. léta

    Svatební fotografie, Swindon, 20. léta

  • Bishopstone, Swindon, 1933

    Bishopstone, Swindon, 1933

  • Reculver, věže, 1910–1916

    Reculver, věže, 1910–1916

  • Mise Children's Special Service Mission 1910–1916

    Mise Children's Special Service Mission 1910–1916

  • Mizející Hampton-on-Sea, 1910

    Mizející Hampton-on-Sea, 1910

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ Scott's Photographica Collection [online]. 2001 [cit. 2010-03-20]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  2. ↑ Blue Book street directory: Herne Bay. Cantherbury Cathedral Archives: [s.n.], 1903–1904. (anglicky) 
  3. ↑ Blue Book street directory: Herne Bay. Canterbury Cathedral Archives: [s.n.], 1915 and 1918. (anglicky) 
  4. ↑ a b Information from trade directories; confirmed by photographic historian Ron Cosens at Carte de Visite, and notes held by The Swindon Collection.
  5. ↑ 1910–1913: Palmer is credited with Herne Bay Press photographs. 1910–1916: local Blue Book directories list Palmer at his studio in Tower Parade, Herne Bay, Kent. 1919–39: no obituary for Palmer is listed in Herne Bay Press. 1930–31: Blue Book lists a different proprietor at the Tower Parade studio. Four soldiers named Fred C. Palmer are listed in the National Archives as World War I dead. However it is not now thought that Palmer died between 1916 and 1919.
  6. ↑ Herne Bay Press was taken over by Kentish Gazette, which is now owned by Kent Messenger.
  7. ↑ 1915–1916 Blue Book directory at Herne Bay Library.
  8. ↑ The National Archives [online]. National Archives, after 2000 [cit. 2010-03-07]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  9. ↑ Information from the Mount fishing family of Herne Bay, whose ancestors were photographed by Fred C. Palmer
  10. ↑ Dnes známé jako King's Hall
  11. ↑ Viz například fotografie File:FCP Canterbury 006.jpg, File:FCP Herne Bay 007.jpg, File:FCP Herne Bay 008.jpg, File:FCP World War I horses 1915.jpg
  12. ↑ BARRIE, Sandy. Photographers of Great Britain and Ireland 1840-1940 [online]. 2001 [cit. 2010-03-20]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  13. ↑ HOOPER, William. Flickr [online]. 1912 [cit. 2010-03-19]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  14. ↑ Information from The Swindon Collection at Swindon Central Library
  15. ↑ Kelly's Directory: Wiltshire. Swindon Central Library (Swindon Collection): [s.n.], 1927. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 8 October 2009. S. 259. (anglicky) 
  16. ↑ MATISSE, Paul. Duchamp, 'Grand Pier Pavilion Illuminated' in Note 78. Paris: [s.n.], 1980. (anglicky) 
  17. ↑ HARVEY, Glenn. Toutfait.com [online]. 31 March 2005 [cit. 2010-03-05]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 17-07-2011. (anglicky) 
  18. ↑ GOUGH, Harold. Herne Bay's Piers. [s.l.]: Herne Bay Historical Records Society, Pierhead Publications, 2002. (anglicky) 
  19. ↑ MILLAR, Jeremy. Tate etc., issue 7 [online]. Tate Gallery, Summer 2006 [cit. 2010-03-10]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 24-08-2010. (anglicky) 
  20. ↑ Moma.org: the collection [online]. Oxford University Press, 2009 [cit. 2010-03-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  21. ↑ EASDOWN, Martin. Adventures in Oysterville: The failed oyster and seaside development of Hampton-on-Sea. [s.l.]: Michael's Bookshop, Ramsgate, 2008. Dostupné online. ISBN 1907369147. S. 31. (anglicky) 

Externí odkazy

Média použitá na této stránce

Edmund Reid 001x.jpg

Experimental print for postcard of Edmund Reid at Hampton-on-Sea, Herne Bay, Kent, England in 1912. Reid had retired in 1898, having been head of CID in the Metropolitan police, and his most famous case was the Whitechapel murders in 1888. He moved to Hampton-on-Sea which was lost to sea erosion by 1916. He died in 1917.

This is understood to be a scan of an original exposure of the original damaged negative by Fred C. Palmer, so it would be inappropriate to attempt to correct this image. It is one of at least three 1912 experiments at exposure and composition of this negative by the photographer, and this one has been provided by Herne Bay Records Society, which possesses the originals

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. This is one of the reasons why the quality of his work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
FCP World War I horses 1915.jpg

Postcard photo of soldiers and horses during World War I. The postcard is postmarked 1915. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent. He lived there 1903-1922, and is believed to have died 1936-1939. The soldiers based closest to Palmer's studio in 1914-1915 were The Buffs, (East Kent Regiment), which raised nine battalions in World War I. (Today the Buffs are amalgamated into the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment.)

NB: This print had faded, and I have improved the contrast a little.

Points of interest: note the jodhpurs, puttees and spurs on the two cavalrymen, and the well-groomed horses.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
Hampton-on-Sea 1910 023.jpg

Hampton-on-Sea, Herne Bay, Kent, England: historical photograph of Hampton-on-Sea in the last throes of coastal erosion. This photo is a scan of a postcard in my possession, but it is also reproduced in Easdown, Martin, Adventures in Oysterville: The failed oyster and seaside development of Hampton-on-Sea, Herne Bay (Michael's Bookshop, Ramsgate, Kent, 2008) on page 35, with the caption: "Reid and a lady companion stand in front of the end house in Herncliffe Gardens, which was wrecked by the sea in early 1910". The man in the photo is Edmund Reid, who had previously been the head of Metropolitan Police CID and investigated the Whitechapel murders. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer who is believed to have died in Hungerford 1941; (fl.1892−1935).

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
Fred C Palmer 004.jpg

Postcard photo of sunset over Herne Bay Pier, postmarked 1913. The trolley can be seen between two shelters on Herne Bay's 3rd pier, and three sailing boats are behind the pier. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent, who is believed to have died 1936-1939.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
Fred C Palmer 002.jpg

Postcard photo of Reculver Towers, near Herne Bay. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent, who died in Hungerford, Berkshire, on 14 March 1941.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
Fred C Palmer 010.jpg

Postcard photo of Bishopstone, Swindon, England. The unclear postmark possibly says "33", i.e. 1933. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent ca.1905-1916, and of 6 Cromwell Street, Swindon ca.1920-1936. He is believed to have died 1936-1939.

The car in the picture may be associated with Fred C. Palmer, and the man with the car may be Palmer's assistant. He had a heavy wooden camera to carry around. The car registration number is unclear, but may be NR 3240. This number was issued by Leicestershire County Council around 1923, and details of the first owner may be in Leicester Record Office.

This print has darkened considerably with age, but it would be inappropriate to adjust the brightness because detail would be lost. Dark and dramatic sepia shots were in Palmer's trademark style.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
Fred C Palmer 104.jpg

Portrait photo of a wedding couple at Swindon, Wiltshire, England in the 1920s or 30s. From a postcard deposited at Swindon Record Office and scanned and uploaded by them to Flickr. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent ca.1905-1916, and of 6 Cromwell Street, Swindon ca.1920-1936. He is believed to have died 1936-1939.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. Thank you for taking the time to read this.
FCP HB006.jpg

Postcard of the Grand Pier Pavilion, Herne Bay, Kent illuminated on the night of its grand opening by the Lord Mayor of London on 3 August 1910. Original photograph by Fred C. Palmer also appeared in the defunct newspaper Herne Bay Press, August 1910. The Grand Pier Pavilion burned down in 1970. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent, who is believed to have died 1936-1939.

Points of interest
  • A copy of this photograph was used by Paul Matisse in an artwork, having obtained the photograph from his stepfather Marcel Duchamp who visited Herne Bay in 1913.
  • The camera position appears to be on top of the old theatre building at the pier entrance. The theatre burned down in 1928.
  • If you zoom into the picture, the head and shoulders of a lady can be seen through the cafe window on the ground floor at the left-hand corner of the pavilion. At maximum resolution, some of the larger words are almost legible on the show-bills or advertisements by the main door.
Fred C Palmer 003.jpg

Postcard photo of children in fancy dress for Children's Special Service Mission, on the Downs in east Herne Bay, with the Pavilion (now the King's Hall) in the background. The bandstand has not yet been enclosed with glass, which dates the photograph to 1913 or before. The CSSM was an early name for the Scripture Union, which was run here informally via a beach mission. The photographer was Fred C. Palmer of Tower Studio, Herne Bay, Kent, who is believed to have died 1936-1939.

Border

The remaining border of this image is important for researchers of this photographer. Some photographers trimmed their images more than others, and Palmer has a reputation for producing smaller postcards than other early 20th century UK photographers. He took his own photos, developed them in-house onto postcard-backed photographic paper and trimmed them himself. It is worth adding that during hand-developing the border is actively masked with equipment which both crops the picture and causes the white frame or border to appear on the paper. This frame is part of the design and is one of the reasons why the quality of Palmer's work is so interesting, and why there is an article and category for him on English Wiki. Researchers need to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is. in the case of this picture, there is no white frame on the paper, but it is important to see exactly where the edge of the postcard is, to see how Palmer has cropped it. The cropping is part of the composition. Thank you for taking the time to read this.