Klimatická nouze

Transparent s anglickým nápisem ve smyslu: „Klimatická nouze – obchodování s emisemi nebude fungovat, 100 % energie z obnovitelných zdrojů ano" dne 13. června 2009 při protestech proti změně klimatu při tzv. „Climate Emergency Rally“ u příležitosti každoročního Dne Země v australském Melbourne
„Klimatický anděl“ s cedulí: „Toto je stav nouze“ při zahájení demonstrace „Extinction Rebellion“ 22. března 2019 v Melbourne

Vyhlášení stavu klimatické nouze představuje rozhodnutí parlamentu (tj. zákonodárce) nebo vlády (exekutivy), jímž prohlašuje, že existuje klimatická krize a že dosavadní přijatá opatření nejsou dostatečná k jejímu vyřešení.[1] Jedná se tedy o řešení člověkem způsobeného globálního oteplování („klimatické změny“). Toto rozhodnutí zmocňuje vládu a státní správu k přijetí opatření, která změní dosavadní stav a pokusí se zastavit globální oteplování způsobené člověkem. Prohlášení může být přijato na různých úrovních (národní, obecní atd.) a může se lišit hloubkou nebo podrobností požadavků.[2]

Termín klimatická nouze se vztahuje nejen k tomuto formálnímu rozhodnutí, ale jedná se o obecnější označení zahrnující další opatření v boji proti klimatickým změnám, jimž dodává provázanost a odůvodnění. Zavedení a používání pojmu „stav nouze“ v této souvislosti dává těmto opatřením nejvyšší neodkladatelnou prioritu.[1][3] Stav klimatické nouze bývá také interpretován jako výraz svrchovanosti lidu: ačkoli je vyhlášen shora, bývá vyžadován zespodu.[4]

Podle statistik organizace Cedamia vyhlásilo k dubnu 2021 klimatickou nouzi přes 1900 úřadů ve třiceti čtyřech zemích.[5]

Termín

Termín „klimatická nouze“ (anglicky climate emergency) byl užíván již před rokem 2010 na demonstracích proti změně klimatu, například při Climate Emergency Rally 13. června 2009 v Melbourne (viz foto). V srpnu 2017 přijala městská rada v australském Darebinu soubor opatření pod názvem „Darebinský klimatický nouzový plán“.[6] Dne 4. prosince 2018 předložil Římský klub Evropskému parlamentu „Plán pro klimatickou nouzi“, který shrnuje 10 vysoce prioritních opatření k omezení globálního oteplování.[7] V souvislosti s probíhajícími protesty Pátek pro budoucnost (Fridays for Future) nebo Extinction Rebellion se podobné iniciativy chopily různé parlamenty.[1][8]

Řada evropských měst, která vyhlásila stav klimatické nouze, byla již po desetiletí členy Klimatické aliance a zavázala se snižovat své emise CO2 každých 5 let o 10 %.[9]

Česká města

V květnu 2019 vyhlásila stav klimatické nouze Praha 7 a v červnu 2019 Praha 6[10]. Protesty za vyhlášení klimatické nouze se konaly také v Mladé Boleslavi[11], Praze[12] nebo Brně[13].

Mezinárodní vývoj

Mapa vyhlášení stavu klimatické nouze

Podle statistik organizace Cedamia vyhlásilo k dubnu 2021 klimatickou nouzi přes 1900 úřadů ve třiceti čtyřech zemích.[5]

květen 2019
Britský parlament jako první v Evropě vyhlásil stav klimatické nouze. Později se přidalo Irsko, Portugalsko, Španělsko, Rakousko a Malta.[14]
červenec 2019
stav klimatické nouze vyhlásilo již celkem 740 místních úřadů v 16 státech.[15]
listopad 2019
klimatickou nouzi vyhlásil Evropský parlament. Pro schválení návrhu bylo celkem 429 poslanců, proti se vyslovilo 225. Z celkem 21 českých europoslanců hlasovalo 12 proti, pro návrh bylo šest z nich.[16][17]

Avizovaná opatření

Z parlamentních rozhodnutí

Na základě vyhlášení stavu klimatické nouze jsou požadována či prováděna konkrétní opatření, jako např.

  • umožnit klimaticky neutrální zaopatření budov (u starých budov také redukce/sanace),
  • zajistit dopravní obslužnost s využitím veřejné dopravy, pomocí dopravních prostředků neprodukujících CO2
  • snížit emise CO2 ve stavebnictví.

Návrhy akcí od nevládních organizací

Nevládní organizace požadují zavedení následujících naléhavých opatření:

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Klimanotstand na německé Wikipedii.

  1. ↑ a b c Stadt Konstanz ruft Klimanotstand aus - Stadt Konstanz [online]. [cit. 2019-05-10]. Dostupné online. (německy) 
  2. ↑ Laura Hornberger, Lena Kellhuber. FAQ: Was ist eigentlich ein „Klimanotstand“?. Sueddeutsche Jetzt [online]. 2019-05-17 [cit. 2019-05-19]. Dostupné online. (německy) 
  3. ↑ Damian Carrington. Why the Guardian is changing the language it uses about the environment. The Guardian [online]. 2019-05-17 [cit. 2019-05-26]. Dostupné online. ISSN 0261-3077. (anglicky) 
  4. ↑ Manemann. InDebate: Klimanotstand – jetzt! [online]. Philosophie InDebate [cit. 2019-06-11]. Dostupné online. (německy) 
  5. ↑ a b Global | cedamia. www.cedamia.org [online]. [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  6. ↑ Agendas and minutes of Council Meetings – 2017 [online]. City of Darebin, 2017-08-21 [cit. 2019-05-11]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2019-05-19. (anglicky)  Podrobné dokumenty: PDF online Archivováno 16. 6. 2019 na Wayback Machine.
  7. ↑ The Club of Rome launches its Climate Emergency Plan at the European Parliament [online]. 2018-12-03 [cit. 2019-05-10]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2019-09-13. PDF online [1]. (anglicky) 
  8. ↑ UK Parliament declares climate change emergency. BBC News [online]. 2019-05-01 [cit. 2019-05-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  9. ↑ Klima-Bündnis [online]. [cit. 2019-07-05]. Dostupné online. (německy) 
  10. ↑ Dvojí obava Prahy 6. Vyhlásila stav klimatického ohrožení i dopravní nouze. ČT24 [online]. [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  11. ↑ ZELENKOVÁ, Zuzana. Aktivisté vtrhli na zasedání zastupitelstva. Žádali vyhlášení klimatické nouze. boleslavsky.denik.cz. 2019-12-23. Dostupné online [cit. 2020-01-13]. 
  12. ↑ ECHO24. Aktivisté z Extinction Rebellion zahájili půst za klima. Jako první požadují stav klimatické nouze - Echo24.cz. echo24.cz [online]. 2019-12-14 [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  13. ↑ Student v Brně držel hladovku za klima, bude spolupracovat s vedením města. iDNES.cz [online]. 2019-12-20 [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  14. ↑ CMP Climate Emergency Declaration Tracking Data (last updated December 29th, 2019). Google Docs [online]. [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  15. ↑ ORF (Wien): Mehr als nur ein Schlagwort, 13. Juli 2019
  16. ↑ Europoslanci přijali rezoluci o vyhlášení klimatické nouze. www.ceskenoviny.cz [online]. [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 
  17. ↑ Europoslanci vyhlásili klimatickou nouzi, ti čeští byli většinou proti. Seznam Zprávy [online]. Seznam.cz [cit. 2020-01-13]. Dostupné online. 

Externí odkazy

Média použitá na této stránce

Climate emergency declaration map.svg
Autor:
  • Basemap: Canuckguy et al / AntiCompositeNumber
, Licence: CC0
Countries where a climate emergency has been declared as of 2019, either for the entire country or only some subdivisions.
 
Countries that have declared a climate emergency
 
Countries of the EU that were covered by the EU's climate emergency declaration (CED) on 28 November 2019, and which had not declared their own CED before this date (total country count: 28 members - 7 ownCEDs = 21 items)
 
Countries where a climate emergency has been declared for a subdivision
Climate Emergency Banner (3621796387).jpg
Autor: Takver from Australia, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0

Senator Bob Brown and climate campaigner David Spratt leading the march down Swanston Street, Melbourne.

On June 13, 2009 thousands of people rallied for action on Climate Change. On a cold and bleak Melbourne winter day thousands gathered at the State Library where they heard from Greens Senator Bob Brown and 'Climate Codered' author and climate activist David Spratt, and other speakers. Leaving the State Library, people marched down Swanston Street to the front of the Melbourne Town Hall where the crowd was asked to do a sitdown protest. Inside the Town Hall the Victorian State Conference of the Australian Labor Party was meeting. A woman from Tuvalu spoke on the rising seas threat to her country and other low lying nations. Damien Lawson, National Climate Change Co-ordinator for Friends of the Earth spoke on the need for a campaign of popular civil disobedience if politicians continue taking no action or ineffectual action to rapidly decrease carbon emissions. The march then continued to Treasury Gardens.

See Videos of speeches outside the Town Hall and in the Treasury Gardens at <a href="http://www.engagemedia.org/Members/takver/videos" rel="nofollow">Engagemedia</a> or on my Youtube channel: 

* <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVwgY9miZAA" rel="nofollow">Climate Emergency: Damien Lawson calls for Civil Disobedience Campaign for action on Climate Change</a> 

* <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rh5mX4zqyGM" rel="nofollow">Climate Emergency: thousands march in Melbourne calling for action</a>


Photo featured on: Treehugger.com: <a href="http://www.treehugger.com/files/2009/08/rich-nations-plan-emission-cuts-15-21-2020.php" rel="nofollow">Rich Nations (Minus the US) Plan Emission Cuts of 15-21% by 2020, UN Reports</a> by Matthew McDermott, New York, NY on 08.12.09

Photo featured on: the Kenneth Cole <a href="http://awearnessblog.com/takver_1/2009/10/" rel="nofollow">Awearness Blog</a>, October 2009

Photo featured on: Truthout <a href="http://www.truthout.org/1009099" rel="nofollow">Unions Need to Sever All Ties With Anti-Climate Bill Groups</a>, by: Brendan Smith, Jeremy Brecher and Tim Costello, October 9, 2009
This is an emergency - Climate Angels at Extinction Rebellion Declaration Day Melbourne - IMG 4415 (33564926438).jpg
Autor: Takver from Australia, Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0

March 22, 2019 was Extinction Rebellion Declaration Day in Melbourne with people gathering in Treasury Gardens before marching on the Victorian State Government offices, then the Commonwealth Government offices in Treasury Place. We had the solemnity of the Climate Guardian angels to amplify our message that we are in a climate crisis needing climate emergency action.

Declaration:

OUR DEMANDS WE CALL ON THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT TO DECLARE A CLIMATE EMERGENCY AND INITIATE A TRANSITION TO ZERO EMISSIONS AND BEYOND AT A SCALE AND SPEED NEVER BEFORE SEEN IN PEACETIME

§ We demand that the Australian government and the media tell the truth about the climate emergency and honestly inform the public that we are facing a threat to human civilisation that imperils the life of most people on Earth. Our leaders have promoted the falsehood that climate change is not a serious or imminent threat to our survival. We are in a climate emergency and the population deserves to be informed.

¬¬¬¬¬¬ § The earth is already too hot. It is reckless beyond imagining to continue making our planet hotter. We demand that all levels of government work to rapidly reduce greenhouse gases to zero by 2025. We must also commence the massive task of removing excess greenhouse gases already in the atmosphere until we restore a safe climate. Urgent action is not only required but achievable. We must move to an emergency footing to address this threat to our survival.

§ Our democracy has been corrupted by vested interests and our political representatives have failed to protect us. We demand that the emergency transition be directed by a Citizens’ Assembly as we move towards a democracy fit for purpose. We need a national Citizens’ Assembly to initiate, direct and oversee the implementation of those solutions that governments are clearly unwilling or unable to achieve without such assistance.

We hold the following to be true:

This is our darkest hour. Humanity finds itself in a crisis unprecedented in its history. Unless this crisis is immediately addressed, it will result in the destruction of all that we love and hold dear: this land, its peoples, its ecosystems, and the very future of the human race.

The science is clear: we are in the sixth mass extinction event and we will face catastrophe if we do not act now. Biodiversity is being annihilated around the world. Our seas are poisoned, acidic and rising. Flooding and desertification will render vast tracts of land uninhabitable and lead to mass migration. The insect population of the planet is plummeting, threatening the very basis of our global ecosystem. The breakdown of our climate has begun. There will be more bushfires, unpredictable and destructive storms, increasing drought, and famine as food supplies and fresh water become scarce and unreliable. But this is not just a matter of adjusting to new difficulties. We are fast approaching the point of no return. Unless we act now everything around us will begin to die with terrifying swiftness and our species too may perish. Already millions of lives have been lost. Soon it will be billions if we do not act.

Across Australia we are already seeing the onset of disaster. This summer we have been ravaged by fire and flood, our arable land killed by drought, and our rivers choked by rotting fish as we continue to mismanage our ecosystems. In an age where we are losing species to extinction at a rate far greater than normal, we have had our first mammalian extinction directly due to the climate emergency. The Bramble Cay Melomys has been sent to extinction by the unnatural flooding of its island home in northern Queensland. Our culture of endless expansion and consumption killed this little life, but it is not too late to save ourselves. The ecological crises destroying this land of ours can no longer be ignored or denied by anyone who claims to have reason, conscience, or morality.

In accordance with these values, with truth and with the weight of scientific evidence, we declare it is our duty to act on behalf of the security and well-being of our children, our communities, and the existence of life on earth.

Australia’s economy is founded upon the values of industrialisation and commercialisation of the natural world. It has dispossessed and impoverished the Indigenous people of this land and tragically degraded country that was cared for over tens of thousands of years. No longer will this nation be one of destruction and genocide. We need to hear the ancient wisdom of the world’s indigenous people, and treat our home with deep love and respect. The land is our mother. We cannot live without her and all the other species with which we share her.

We, in alignment with our consciences and our reasoning, declare ourselves in rebellion against our government and those corporations that threaten our future until such time as our demands are met.

Some of our political representatives openly deny that we are in a climate emergency. Many advocate change that is too gradual, ineffective or insufficient to the global crisis we are facing. We believe this is done in order to protect the profits of their political donors. But we are not content to die because our leaders lack the wisdom and courage to do what needs to be done to ensure a safe climate future.

The wilful complicity displayed by our government has shattered meaningful democracy and cast aside the common interest in favour of short-term gain and private profits. Like a termite colony undermining the structure of a house, consumer capitalism and the politicians it has bought will destroy the foundations of life on this planet. When politics has become corrupted by the powerful few it is our right as citizens to restore meaningful democracy. It is our right to protect the security of the land and its peoples where our governments have failed. It is our sacred duty as people who believe in life and love to rebel.

As much as we are powered by a knowledge of the imminence of complete desolation, we are strengthened by hope and the knowledge of what is possible. In Tasmania, after Lake Pedder was lost, protestors left behind the idea of politely asking power to change its mind, and used direct action to save the Franklin River from being dammed. Thousands of people from all over the world joined the Franklin River Blockade, and thousands were arrested. Prisons overflowed, but the campaign ended with the river being saved. The hand of power was forced, and all because of the far greater power of the people deploying direct action.

The same happened to the Terania forest in New South Wales in the 1970s. This will happen again in the Galilee Basin when the Adani mining licence is cancelled and all fossil fuel extraction is banned once and for all time. Do not think that we haven’t tried everything else possible. This is our last resort.

We hereby declare the bonds of the social contract, which the government has rendered invalid by their complete failure to protect us, to be null and void. We call upon every principled and peaceful citizen to rise with us. To be freed from oppression by the powerful few we will cast aside social divisions based upon race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, and gender, and come together and fight for our lives. We will not allow corporate profiteers to dictate government decisions that place us and future generations in deadly peril.

This rebellion is for everyone, and it is international.

We are a global movement. We stand with every other land rising with us, all over the world. Our near neighbours on Pacific Islands are already losing the land under their feet. We stand with and acknowledge the traditional owners of the land. Indigenous Australians have already faced the consequences of ecological and cultural destruction and the Traditional Owners’ objections to mining on their lands have been repeatedly ignored or overridden. We say no more. We say enough!

We will no longer stand idly by and witness the destruction of our only home by the greedy few. We are many. We will act. We will rise. We demand justice. We will protect ourselves. We will prevail.

With love and rage

  1. ExtinctionRebellion