Michael Foale

Colin Michael Foale
Colin Michael Foale
Colin Michael Foale
Astronaut NASA
Státní příslušnostUSA USA
Datum narození6. ledna 1957 (65 let)
Místo narozeníSpojené království Louth, Lincolnshire, Anglie, Spojené království
Předchozí
zaměstnání		Fyzik
Čas ve vesmíru373 dní, 18 hodin 23 minut
Kosmonaut od1987
MiseSTS-45
STS-56
STS-63
STS-84/Mir/STS-86
STS-103
Expedice 8
(Sojuz TMA-3/ISS)
Znaky misíSts-45-patch.png Sts-56-patch.png Sts-63-patch.png Sts-84-patch.png Sts-86-patch.png STS-103 Patch.svg Expedition 8 insignia (iss patch).png Soyuz TMA-3 Patch.png
Kosmonaut dodosud aktivní
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Anglický fyzik Colin Michael Foale (* 6. ledna 1957 v Louthu, Lincolnshire, Anglie, ) je od srpna 1987 astronautem NASA. Má za sebou šest kosmických letů včetně pětiměsíčního pobytu na orbitální stanici Mir a půlroční mise na Mezinárodní vesmírné stanici (ISS). Celkem strávil ve vesmíru 373 dní, 18 hodin 23 minut.

Život

Mládí

Michael Foale se narodil ve městě Louth ve východní Anglii, jeho matka byla Američanka, proto má dvojí občanství. Dětství a mládí prožil v anglické Cambridgi. Po ukončení střední školy (roku 1975) studoval fyziku na Královské koleji Univerzity v Cambridgi, roku 1982 získal titul bakaláře, roku 1987 titul doktora (Ph.D.) v oblasti astrofyziky.[1] Roku 1982 se přestěhoval do texaského Houstonu, kde pracoval ve společnosti McDonnell Douglas na problémech navigace Shuttlů, o rok později přešel do Johnsonova vesmírného střediska NASA.[2]

Astronaut

Zúčastnil se 10. náboru astronautů NASA v letech 1983 – 1984, ale neúspěšně. Na druhý pokus, ve 12. náboru už uspěl a 17. srpna 1987 byl začleněn do oddílu astronautů NASA. Po ročním kurzu všeobecné kosmické přípravy získal kvalifikaci letového specialisty.[1]

Byl zařazen do posádky letu STS-45. Do vesmíru odstartoval na palubě raketoplánu Atlantis 24. března 1992. Raketoplán přistál po 8 dnech, 22 hodinách a 10 minutách letu 2. dubna 1992.[3]

Bernard Harris a Michael Foale (vlevo) jsou připraveni na vesmírnou vycházku. Raketoplán Discovery, 9. února 1995.

Ve dnech 8. – 17. dubna 1993 pobýval ve vesmíru podruhé. Mise STS-56 raketoplánu Discovery trvala 9 dní, 6 hodin a 9 minut.[4]

Potřetí vzlétl do vesmíru opět na palubě raketoplánu Discovery při letu STS-63 ve dnech 3. až 11. února 1995. Raketoplán se setkal se stanicí Mir, přiblížil se na 11,3 metrů. Během letu Foale vystoupil do vesmíru 4 hodiny a 39 minut.[5]

Od roku 1995 byli do základních posádek Miru začleněni i američtí astronauti. Roku 1997 se k nim zařadil i Foale. Dne 15. května 1997 odstartoval v raketoplánu Atlantis (let STS-84), od 17. května už žil na Miru. Na Zem jej přivezl raketoplán Atlantis při následující misi STS-86. Foale strávil při tomto letu ve vesmíru do přistání 6. října 1987 144 dnů, 13 hodin a 49 minut.[1]

Ve dnech 20. až 28. prosince 1999 se zúčastnil servisního letu Discovery k Hubbleovu teleskopu. Během mise STS-103 Foale vystoupil do vesmíru na 8 hodin a 10 minut.[6]

Foale pracuje na ISS (modul Destiny).

V březnu 2001 byl jmenován velitelem hlavní posádky Expedice 8 na ISS. Po havárii Columbie byl současně jmenován velitelem zálohy pro Expedici 7.[1]

Pošesté vzlétl do vesmíru 18. října 2003 v ruském Sojuzu TMA-3. Na ISS pracoval společně s Alexandrem Kalerim. Během pobytu na ISS jednou vystoupil do vesmíru na necelé čtyři hodiny. Dvojice Foale, Kaleri přistála 30. dubna 2004 po 194 dnech, 18 hodinách a 33 minutách letu.[7]

V listopadu 2004 postoupil z postu zástupce ředitele Johnsonova vesmírného střediska pro technické otázky na místo náměstka ředitele NASA pro vědecké programy. Náměstkem ředitele NASA byl do dubna 2006.[1]

Michael Foale je ženatý, má dvě děti.[2]

Reference

  1. ↑ a b c d e IVANOV, Ivan, a kol. Космическая энциклопедия ASTROnote [online]. Moskva: rev. 2006-09-07 [cit. 2009-10-08]. Kapitola Colin Michael Foale. Dostupné online. (rusky) 
  2. ↑ a b Biographical data. C. Michael Foale [online]. NASA, rev. 2008-01 [cit. 2009-10-08]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)  – Oficiální biografie NASA
  3. ↑ HOLUB, Aleš. MEK. Malá encyklopedie kosmonautiky [online]. Rev. 1997-08-11 [cit. 2009-10-04]. Kapitola STS-45 At/F-11. [dále jen Holub]. Dostupné online. 
  4. ↑ Holub. Rev. 1997-12-03 [cit. 2009-10-04]. Kapitola STS-56 Di/F-16. 
  5. ↑ Holub. Rev. 1997-08-24 [cit. 2009-10-08]. Kapitola STS-63 Di/F-20. 
  6. ↑ Holub. Rev. 2001-01-27 [cit. 2009-10-08]. Kapitola STS-103 Di/F-27. 
  7. ↑ Holub. Rev. 2004-06-06 [cit. 2009-10-08]. Kapitola Expedice 8. 

Externí odkazy

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Michael Foale.jpg
Astronaut C. Michael Foale, mission commander
Sts-45-patch.png

STS-45 Mission Insignia

Designed by the crewmembers, the STS-45 patch depicts the Space Shuttle launching from the Kennedy Space Center into a high inclination orbit. From this vantage point, the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS) payload can view Earth, the sun, and their dynamic interactions against the background of space. Earth is prominently displayed and is the focus of the mission's space plasma physics and Earth sciences observations. The colors of the setting sun, measured by sensitive instruments, provide detailed information about ozone, carbon dioxide and other gases which determine Earth's climate and environment. Encircling the scene are the names of the flight crewmembers. The additional star in the ring is to recognize Charles R. Chappell and Michael Lampton, alternate payload specialists, and the entire ATLAS-1 team for its dedication and support of this Mission to Planet Earth.
Expedition 8 insignia (iss patch).png
This emblem represents the eighth long-duration expedition to the International Space Station. The banner encircling the Earth, as a stylized figure 8, combines the flags of the partner nations represented by the crew. The International Space Station is portrayed above the Earth in its assembly complete configuration. The names of the two crewmembers, Michael Foale and Alexander Kaleri, are depicted in the border.
Soyuz TMA-3 Patch.png
Soyuz TMA-3 crew patch, designed by Luc van den Abeelen.
Sts-56-patch.png

STS-56 Mission Insignia

The STS-56 patch is a pictorial representation of the STS56/ATLAS-2 mission as seen from the crew's viewpoint. The payload bay is depicted with the ATLAS-2 pallet, Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultra Violet (SSBUV) experiment, and Spartan -- the two primary scientific payloads on the flight. With ATLAS-2 serving as part of the Mission to Planet Earth project, the crew has depicted the planet prominently in the artwork. Two primary areas of study are the atmosphere and the sun. To highlight this, Earth's atmosphere is depicted as a stylized visible spectrum and the sunrise is represented with an enlarged two-colored corona. Surnames of the commander and pilot are inscribed in the Earth field, with the surnames of the mission specialists appearing in the space background.
Sts-63-patch.png

STS-63 Mission Insignia

Designed by the crew members, the STS-63 crew patch depicts the orbiter maneuvering to rendezvous with Russia's Space Station Mir. The name is printed in Cyrillic on the side of the station. Visible in the Orbiter's payload bay are the commercial space laboratory Spacehab and the Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy (SPARTAN) satellite which are major payloads on the flight. The six points on the rising sun and the three stars are symbolic of the mission's Space Transportation System (STS) numerical designation. Flags of the United States and Russia at the bottom of the patch symbolize the cooperative operations of this mission.
Foale Kodak.jpg
Expedition 8 Commander and Science Officer Michael Foale uses the Kodak 760 digital still camera to photograph a Slow Growth Sample Module for the Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-3 experiment. The SGMS is on a mounting bracket attached to the Maintenance Work Area table set up in the Destiny U.S. Laboratory. This image was used by the Expedition 8 crew at their post-flight presentation.
Bernard Harris and Michael Foale prepare to leave airlock - GPN-2006-000022.jpg
STS-63 astronauts Bernard A. Harris, Jr., payload commander (right), and C. Michael Foale, mission specialist (left), are ready to exit Discovery's airlock for a spacewalk. The pair would test new insulation to protect astronauts from the cold during extravehicular activity, but the Mission Control cut their spacewalk short after the men reported feeling very cold in their suits. On this EVA, Harris became the first African American to walk in space.
Sts-84-patch.png
The STS-84 emblem depicts the Space Shuttle Atlantis launching into Earth orbit to join the Russian Space Station Mir as part of Phase One (Shuttle-Mir) of the International Space Station program. The names of the eight astronauts who flew onboard Atlantis, including the two who changed their positions onboard Mir for a long duration flight, are shown along the border of the patch. The STS-84/Mir-23 team will transfer 7,000 pounds of experiments, Station hardware, food and clothing to and from Mir during the five-day period of docking. The Phase One program is represented by the rising Sun and by the Greek letter Phi followed by one star. This sixth Shuttle-Mir docking mission is symbolized by the six stars surrounding the word Mir in Cyrillic characters. Combined, the seven stars symbolize the current configuration of Mir, composed of six modules launched by the Russians and one module brought up by Atlantis on a previous docking flight.
STS-103 Patch.svg
Designed by the crewmembers, the STS-103 emblem depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery approaching the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) prior to its capture and berthing. The purpose of the mission is to remove and replace some of the Telescope's older and out-of-date systems with newer, more reliable and more capable ones, and to make repairs to HST's exterior thermal insulation that has been damaged by more than nine years of exposure to the space environment. The horizontal and vertical lines centered on the Telescope symbolize the ability to reach and maintain a desired attitude in space, essential to the instrument's scientific operation. The preservation of this ability is one of the primary objectives of the mission. After the flight, the Telescope will resume its successful exploration of deep space and will continue to be used to study solar system objects, stars in the making, late phases of stellar evolution, galaxies and the early history of the universe. HST, as represented on this emblem was inspired by views from previous servicing missions, with its solar arrays illuminated by the Sun, providing a striking contrast with the blackness of space and the night side of Earth.
  • The NASA insignia design for Shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, it will be publicly announced.
Sts-86-patch.png
The STS-86 flight was the seventh shuttle-Mir docking mission, symbolized by seven stars. The international crew includes astronauts from the United States, Russia, and France. The flags of these nations are incorporated in the rays of the astronaut logo. The rays of light streaking across the sky depict the orbital tracks of the two spacecraft as they prepare to dock. During the flight, an American astronaut and a Russian cosmonaut will perform an extravehicular activity (EVA). The mercator projection of Earth illustrates the global cooperative nature of the flight.