Oplosaurus
 OplosaurusStratigrafický výskyt: Spodní křída, asi před 130 až 125 miliony let | |
|---|---|
 Fosilní zub sauropoda rodu Oplosaurus. | |
| Vědecká klasifikace | |
| Říše | živočichové (Animalia) |
| Kmen | strunatci (Chordata) |
| Třída | plazi (Sauropsida) |
| Nadřád | dinosauři (Dinosauria) |
| Řád | plazopánví (Saurischia) |
| Podřád | Sauropodomorpha |
| Infrařád | Sauropoda |
| Rod | Oplosaurus Gervais, 1852 |
| Binomické jméno | |
| Oplosaurus armatus Gervais, 1852 | |
| Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky. | |
Oplosaurus („ozbrojený ještěr“) byl rod sauropodního dinosaura, žijícího na území dnešní Anglie (ostrov Isle of Wight). Je znám pouze na základě jednoho dochovaného fosilního zubu z období spodní křídy (věk barrem až apt, asi před 130 až 125 miliony let). Jednalo se patrně o zástupce skupiny Turiasauria.[1]
Historie
Fosilní zub tohoto sauropoda o délce 85 mm byl v odborné literatuře poprvé zmíněn roku 1852 geologem Thomasem Wrightem[2], k jeho objevu došlo v sedimentech souvrství Wessex (v rámci uskupení Wealden Clay) v zálivu Brixton Bay na území ostrova Isle of Wight. Ve stejném roce fosilii formálně popsal francouzský paleontolog Paul Gervais pod jménem Oplosaurus armatus.[3] Dnes má typový exemplář katalogové číslo BMNH R964. V pozdější době byl často porovnáván s fosilemi dalšího pochybného rodu Pelorosaurus. Dnes vědci předpokládají, že se jednalo o zub sauropoda z kladu Macronaria[4], Camarasauridae[5] nebo Turiasauria[6].
Rozměry
Na základě jediného zubu není možné stanovit přesnou velikost tohoto dinosaura, je ale pravděpodobné, že se jednalo o velkého sauropoda o délce kolem 25 metrů.[7]
Odkazy
Reference
- ↑ SOCHA, Vladimír. Největší Evropan všech dob. OSEL.cz [online]. 27. září 2022. Dostupné online. (česky)
- ↑ Wright, T. (1852). Contributions to the palaeontology of the Isle of Wight. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2:87-93.
- ↑ Gervais, P. (1852). Zoologie et paléontologie française (animaux vertébrés) (1st edition). A. Bertrand: Paris, 271 p.
- ↑ Naish, D.; Martill, D. M. (2007). "Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: basal Dinosauria and Saurischia". Journal of the Geological Society. 164 (3): 493–510. doi: 10.1144/0016-76492006-032
- ↑ Sánchez-Hernández, B; Benton, M; Naish, D (2007). "Dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of the Galve area, NE Spain". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 249 (1–2): 180–215. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.01.009
- ↑ http://darrennaish.blogspot.com/2006/12/happy-christmas-from-gigantic-spanish.html
- ↑ Naish, D., and Martill, D. M. (2001). Saurischian dinosaurs 1: Sauropods. In: Martill, D. M., and Naish, D. (eds.). Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. The Palaeontological Association: London 185-241. ISBN 0-901702-72-2
Literatura
- Gervais, P. (1859). Zoologie et Paléontologie Françaises. Nouvelles Recherches sur les Animaux Vertébrés dont on Trouve les Ossements Enfouis dans le Sol de la France et sur leur Comparaison aves les Espèces Propres aux Autres Régions du Globe (Deuxième Edition), 544.
- Weishampel, D. B.; et al. (2004). Dinosaur Distribution: in Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H., (eds.). The Dinosauria (2nd edition). University of California Press: Berkeley 517-606. ISBN 0-520-24209-2
Externí odkazy
- Profil na webu A-Dinosaur-a-Day (anglicky)
- Informace na webu Fossilworks Archivováno 25. 6. 2020 na Wayback Machine. (anglicky)
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The crown (d, b, c) is unequally convex in front and concave (a) behind. The general form of the crown is shown in a, b, c; the anterior side thereof (a, b) is convex and sabre-shaped, and the posterior border (a, b) is slightly concave; the external convex surface (b) is covered with smooth enamel, which forms four blunt ridges on its most prominent part, and terminates inferiorly in a delicate rugous structure, forming a well-defined arch (b), the convexity of which is directed towards the apex ; the posterior surface of the crown (a) is fiat below and concave above ; the enamel is smooth above and rugous below, as on the anterior surface, but it extends much farther down the crown (nearly half an inch) and forms an arch, the convexity of which is directed towards the root ; the internal surfaces of the anterior and posterior borders (a) are abruptly truncated, apparently by dentrition, and near the base of the posterior border there is au oblique fold or depression, close to which are marks of abrasion by dentrition : the unequal extent of the enamel on the external and internal surfaces of the crown proves that the external plate of the ramus of the jaw was deeper on the external than on the internal side. The root (a, b, c, e) is nearly cylindrical ; from the external terminal fold of enamel to its fractured part, it measures 1 inch and 8/10; its surface is much concealed by the matrix, and has masses of pyrites adhering thereto ; it forms a hollow cylinder (e) which inclosed a pulp-cavity ; the structure and form of the root is that of a tooth which was implanted in a distinct alveolus of a large and powerful jaw. Part of the apex is broken off, the position of which we have indicated by dotted lines ; there can be no doubt that it was sharply pointed, and that this tooth was an instrument destined to pierce the soft structures of other animals, and consequently that it belonged to an extinct genus of carnivorous reptiles.
The crown (d, b, c) is unequally convex in front and concave (a) behind. The general form of the crown is shown in a, b, c; the anterior side thereof (a, b) is convex and sabre-shaped, and the posterior border (a, b) is slightly concave; the external convex surface (b) is covered with smooth enamel, which forms four blunt ridges on its most prominent part, and terminates inferiorly in a delicate rugous structure, forming a well-defined arch (b), the convexity of which is directed towards the apex ; the posterior surface of the crown (a) is fiat below and concave above ; the enamel is smooth above and rugous below, as on the anterior surface, but it extends much farther down the crown (nearly half an inch) and forms an arch, the convexity of which is directed towards the root ; the internal surfaces of the anterior and posterior borders (a) are abruptly truncated, apparently by dentrition, and near the base of the posterior border there is au oblique fold or depression, close to which are marks of abrasion by dentrition : the unequal extent of the enamel on the external and internal surfaces of the crown proves that the external plate of the ramus of the jaw was deeper on the external than on the internal side. The root (a, b, c, e) is nearly cylindrical ; from the external terminal fold of enamel to its fractured part, it measures 1 inch and 8/10; its surface is much concealed by the matrix, and has masses of pyrites adhering thereto ; it forms a hollow cylinder (e) which inclosed a pulp-cavity ; the structure and form of the root is that of a tooth which was implanted in a distinct alveolus of a large and powerful jaw. Part of the apex is broken off, the position of which we have indicated by dotted lines ; there can be no doubt that it was sharply pointed, and that this tooth was an instrument destined to pierce the soft structures of other animals, and consequently that it belonged to an extinct genus of carnivorous reptiles.
- Wright, T. (1852). IX.—Contributions to the Palæontology of the Isle of Wight. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10(56), 87–93. doi:10.1080/03745485609495656