Palomar 2
| Palomar 2 | |
|---|---|
 Hvězdokupa Palomar 2 na snímku Hubbleova vesmírného dalekohledu | |
| Pozorovací údaje (Ekvinokcium J2000,0) | |
| Typ | kulová hvězdokupa |
| Objevitel | Albert George Wilson |
| Datum objevu | 1955 |
| Rektascenze | 04h 46m 05,91s |
| Deklinace | +31°22′53,40″ |
| Souhvězdí | Vozka (lat. Aur) |
| Zdánlivá magnituda (V) | 13,04 |
| Úhlová velikost | 1,9' |
| Vzdálenost | 88 700 ly |
| Označení v katalozích | |
| Jiná označení | C 0443+313, 2MASX J04460579+3122510, MCG+05-12-001 |
| (V) – měření provedena ve viditelném světle | |
| Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky. | |
Palomar 2 je kulová hvězdokupa v souhvězdí Vozky nacházející se ve vzdálenosti 88 700 světelných let od Země. Objevil ji v roce 1955 americký astronom Albert George Wilson. Palomar 2 se nachází 114 100 světelných let od jádra Mléčné dráhy.
Reference
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Palomar 2 na polské Wikipedii.
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Palomar 2 - A unique cluster: one of the hidden 15
Globular clusters are relatively common in our sky, and generally look similar. However, this image, taken using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, shows a unique example of such a cluster — Palomar 2.
Palomar 2 is part of a group of 15 globulars known as the Palomar clusters. These clusters, as the name suggests, were discovered in survey plates from the first Palomar Observatory Sky Survey in the 1950s, a project that involved some of the most well-known astronomers of the day, including Edwin Hubble. They were discovered quite late because they are so faint — each is either extremely remote, very heavily hidden behind blankets of dust, or has a very small number of remaining stars.
This particular cluster is unique in more than one way. For one, it is the only globular cluster that we see in this part of the sky, the northern constellation of Auriga (The Charioteer). Globular clusters orbit the centre of a galaxy like the Milky Way in the same way that satellites circle around the Earth. This means that they normally lie closer in to the galactic centre than we do, and so we almost always see them in the same region of the sky. Palomar 2 is an exception to this, as it is around five times further away from the centre of the Milky Way than other clusters. It also lies in the opposite direction — further out than Earth — and so it is classed as an “outer halo” globular.
It is also unusual due to its brightness. The cluster is veiled by a mask of dust, dampening the apparent brightness of the stars within it and making it appear as a very faint burst of stars. The stunning NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image above shows Palomar 2 in a way that could not be captured from smaller or ground-based telescopes — some amateur astronomers with large telescopes attempt to observe all of the obscure and well-hidden Palomar 15 as a challenge, to see how many they can pick out from the starry sky.
Credit:
ESA/Hubble & NASA
Colours & filters Band Wavelength Telescope Optical V 606 nm Hubble Space Telescope ACS Infrared I 814 nm Hubble Space Telescope ACS.