Souvrství Snow Hill Island
Souvrství Snow Hill Island je geologickým souvrstvím, nacházejícím se na Ostrově Jamese Rosse na severovýchodě Antarktidy. Vrstvy zde mají stáří asi 75 až 72 milionů let, pocházejí tedy z období pozdní křídy (věk pozdní kampán). Hlavními typy hornin zde jsou pískovce a jílovce.[1]
Paleontologie
I přes velmi nepříznivé klimatické podmínky zde vědecké expedice v minulosti objevily množství fosilií z období pozdních druhohor a zároveň i několik druhů dinosaurů.[2] V roce 1986 zde byl objeven první antarktický dinosaurus, který byl o 20 let později formálně popsán jako Antarctopelta oliveroi. Odkryty byly také fosilní schránky mlžů a amonitů, fosilní ostnokožci[3], dále fosilie ryb a žraloka rodu Notidanodon. Byly odkryty také fosilie elasmosauridních plesiosaurů (dravých mořských plazů).[4]
Dinosauří taxony
- Antarctopelta oliveroi (ankylosaurid)[5]
- Imperobator antarcticus (teropod z kladu Paraves)[6]
- Lithostrotia indet. (neidentifikovaný sauropod)[7]
- Morrosaurus antarcticus (ornitopod z kladu Elasmaria)[8]
- Trinisaura santamartaensis (ornitopod z kladu Elasmaria)[9]
Odkazy
Reference
- ↑ Pirrie, D.; Crame, J. A.; Lomas, S. A.; Riding, J. B. (1997). Late Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Admiralty Sound region, James Ross Basin, Antarctica. Cretaceous Research. 18: 109–137. doi: 10.1006/cres.1996.0052
- ↑ SOCHA, Vladimír. Dinosauři z Antarktidy. OSEL.cz [online]. 23. listopadu 2015. Dostupné online. (česky)
- ↑ Néraudeau, D.; Crame, A.; Kooser, M. (2000). Upper Cretaceous echinoids from James Ross Basin, Antarctica. Géobios. 33(4): 455-466. doi: 10.1016/S0016-6995(00)80079-0
- ↑ Otero, R. A.; et al. (2013). Additions to the diversity of elasmosaurid plesiosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica. Gondwana Research. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2013.07.016
- ↑ Archivovaná kopie. dinosaurusblog.com [online]. [cit. 2021-01-07]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2021-01-09.
- ↑ Ely, R. C.; Case, J. A. (2019). Phylogeny of a new gigantic paravian (Theropoda; Coelurosauria; Maniraptora) from the Upper Cretaceous of James Ross Island, Antarctica. Cretaceous Research. 101: 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2019.04.003
- ↑ Cerda, I.; et al. (2011). The first record of a sauropod dinosaur from Antarctica. Die Naturwissenschaften. 99: 83-7. doi: 10.1007/s00114-011-0869-x
- ↑ Sebastián Rozadilla, Federico L. Agnolin, Fernando E. Novas, Alexis M. Aranciaga Rolando, Matías J. Motta, Juan M. Lirio & Marcelo P. Isasi (2016). "A new ornithopod (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica and its palaeobiogeographical implications". Cretaceous Research. 57: 311–324.
- ↑ https://dinosaurusblog.com/2013/01/12/objeven-dalsi-dinosaurus-v-antarktide/
Literatura
- O'Gorman, J. P. (2012). The oldest elasmosaurs (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from Antarctica, Santa Marta Formation (upper Coniacian? Santonian-?upper Campanian) and Snow Hill Island Formation (upper Campanian-?lower Maastrichtian), James Ross Island. Polar Research. 31: 1–10. doi: 10.3402/polar.v31i0.11090
- Jordi A. Garcia-Marsà, Mauricio A. Cerroni, Sebastián Rozadilla, Ignacio A. Cerda, Marcelo A. Reguero, Rodolfo A. Coria & Fernando E. Novas (2020). Biological implications of the bone microstructure of the Antarctic ornithopods Trinisaura and Morrosaurus (Dinosauria, Ornithischia). Cretaceous Research. 104605. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104605
- Reguero, M. A.; et al. (2022). Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian Vertebrates From The James Ross Basin, West Antarctica: Updated Synthesis, Biostratigraphy, And Paleobiogeography. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 94 (Suppl. 1): e20211142. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211142
Česká literatura
- Socha, Vladimír (2015). Neznámí dinosauři. Nakl. Mladá fronta, Praha. ISBN 978-80-204-3595-8. (str. 80-81)
Externí odkazy
- SOCHA, Vladimír. Nejbohatší geologická souvrství světa. OSEL.cz [online]. 12. března 2021. Dostupné online. (česky)
Média použitá na této stránce
James Ross Island from NASA's DC-8 aircraft during an AirSAR 2004 mission over the Antarctic Peninsula.
James Ross Island captured by NASA photographer James Ross (no relation), from NASA's DC-8 aircraft during an AirSAR 2004 mission over the Antarctic Peninsula. James Ross Island, named for 19th century British polar explorer Sir James Clark Ross, is located at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. The island is about 1500 m high and 40-60 km wide. In recent decades, the area has experienced significant atmospheric warming (about 2 degrees C since 1950), which has triggered a vast and spectacular retreat of its floating ice shelves, glacier reduction, a decrease in permanent snow cover and a lengthening of the melt season. AirSAR 2004 is a three-week expedition in Central and South America by an international team of scientists that is using an all-weather imaging tool, called the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AirSAR), located onboard NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory. Scientists from many parts of the world are combining ground research with NASA's AirSAR technology to improve and expand on the quality of research they are able to conduct. These photos are from the DC-8 aircraft while flying an AirSAR mission over Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is more similar to Alaska and Patagonia than to the rest of the Antarctic continent. It is drained by fast glaciers, receives abundant precipitation, and melts significantly in the summer months. This region is being studied by NASA using a DC-8 equipped with the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar developed by scientists from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. AirSAR will provide a baseline model and unprecedented mapping of the region. This data will make it possible to determine whether the warming trend is slowing, continuing or accelerating. AirSAR will also provide reliable information on ice shelf thickness to measure the contribution of the glaciers to sea level.
AirSAR collects multi-frequency and multi-polarization radar data for a variety of science applications. It also acquires data in interferometric modes, providing topographic information (cross-track mode) or ocean current information (along-track interferometry). This March 2004 deployment was planned to:
- Study the extent and distribution of archeological Mayan civilization (using foliage-penetrating radar)
- Study the glaciers of Patagonia and the Antarctic peninsula
- Investigate new techniques for the measurement of the forest structure of dense tropical forests
- Fill in the largest "void" in the SRTM-derived map of South American topography
- Collect additional data for various research initiatives
During the deployment data is collected over Central and South America and Antarctica. During the approximately 100 flight hours, AirSAR is acquiring polarimetric and/or interferometric data along a 20,000 km track, or about 200,000 sq. km of data over 40 sites for 30 scientists. AirSAR will collect data related to the following NASA Code YS science programs: - Cryospheric Science
- Land Cover/Land Use Change
- Natural Hazards
- Physical Oceanography
- Terrestrial Ecology
- Hydrology
NASA used a DC-8 aircraft as a flying science laboratory. The platform aircraft, was based at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif., collected data for many experiments in support of scientific projects serving the world scientific community. Included in this community were NASA, federal, state, academic and foreign investigators. Data gathered by the DC-8 at flight altitude and by remote sensing has been used for scientific studies in archeology, ecology, geography, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, volcanology, atmospheric chemistry, soil science and biology.