Státní znak Kambodže
Kambodžský státní znak | |
---|---|
Informace | |
Subjekty oprávněné užívat znak | Kambodža |
Přijato | 1953 (původní znak) 1993 (znovupřijetí) |
Klenot | Kambodžská královská koruna |
Štít | V modrém štítu zlatý buddhistický symbol pro Óm, položený na zlaté dýce, taktéž položené na dvou zlatých podnosech (phan), obklopené věncem a pod nimi Královský řád Kambodže |
Štítonoši | Gajasimha (hybrid slona a lva) Rajasingha (královský lev), každý držící pětiúrovňový královský deštník |
Heslo | ព្រះចៅ ក្រុង កម្ពុជា (khmersky), Preah Chau Krong Kampuchea (česky Král kambodžského království) |
Řádové dekorace | Královský řád Kambodže |
Státní znak Kambodže byl přijat v roce 1993 po pádu Rudých Khmérů a obnově monarchie pod vládou Norodoma Sihanuka. Vyjma drobných rozdílů se jedná o stejný znak, který užívalo kambodžské království v letech 1953 až 1970. Tento znak užívalo kambodžské království před vyhlášením nezávislosti, během francouzského protektorátu (od roku 1864). Vyobrazení státního znaku ve zlaté barvě se nachází na královské standartě.
Popis
V modrém štítu zlatý buddhistický symbol pro Óm, položený na zlaté dýce, která je položena na dvou na sobě stojících zlatých podnosech (phan), jež jsou obklopené zeleným věncem, ze kterého visí Královský řád Kambodže. Štít je položen na královský stan se zlatě třepenými okraji, který vychází z královské koruny. Na špici koruny se nachází diamant, ze kterého září zlaté sluneční paprsky. Štítonošem po heraldicky pravé straně znaku je Gajasimha (hybrid slona a lva) a na levé pak Rajasingha (královský lev). Oba štítonoši drží pětiúrovňový královský deštník a stojí na modré stuze se stříbrným nápisem ព្រះចៅ ក្រុង កម្ពុជា (kambodžsky Preah Chau Krong Kampuchea, česky král kambodžského království). Znak vychází z podobného znaku sousedního Thajského království z druhé poloviny 19. století, který podobně kombinoval tradiční prvky oblasti Indočíny a prvky ze znaků evropských zemí. [1]
Historický vývoj znaku
- (c) Scott Semans World Coins (CoinCoin.com), CC BY 3.0
Znak na minci z období 1864–1904
Znak Khmerské republiky (1970–1975)
Znak Demokratické Kampučii (1975–1982)
Znak Kampučské lidové republiky (1979–1989)
Znak Kampučské lidové republiky (1989–1992)
Znak dočasné správy organizace OSN v Kambodži – UNTAC, (1992–1993)
Odkazy
Reference
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Royal arms of Cambodia na anglické Wikipedii.
- ↑ Popis státních symbolů Kambodži. hubert-herald.nl [online]. [cit. 2020-12-23]. Dostupné online. (English)
Související články
- Kambodžská vlajka
- Kambodžská hymna
- Dějiny Kambodže
Externí odkazy
- Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Státní znak Kambodže na Wikimedia Commons
Média použitá na této stránce
National Emblem of People's Republic of Kampuchea used 1979 - 1981.
Autor: Vectored by FOX 52, Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
Coat of arms of The Khmer Republic
Emblem of Democratic Kampuchea (Pol Pot regime)
Autor: Samhanin, Licence: CC BY 3.0
Coat of arms of Cambodia (1860-1952)
Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Cambodia.
- Depicting: a Golden sword atop two ceremonial bowls, above it is the sacred "Aum", below is a laurel wreath and the Royal Order. The Arms is supported by two creatures, a gajasingha and a singha, they are holding two five-tiered royal umbrellas. Atop the arms is the Royal crown with rays of light emitting from it. Below is a ribbon with the words in Khmer script: ព្រះចៅ ក្រុង កម្ពុជាPreah Chau Krong Kampuchea: "King of the Kingdom of Cambodia".
(c) Scott Semans World Coins (CoinCoin.com), CC BY 3.0
FRENCH PROTECTORATE and NATIONAL COINAGE
K42 5 Centime European strike (Belgium or Heaton), 4.9-5.1gm L14 Fine (not shown) ; AU10% (a) ; UC85% (b, c) ; K42s 5 Centime Silver Restrike, 5.88gm Progressive die crack under TIMES seen on regular strikes is stronger, plus roughness about head and face suggest a striking date after 1875 but perhaps before the 1899 restrikes. L-nl, Unrecorded; unique? Despite the KM42.2 listing, there were probably no base metal restrikes of this denomination. L15, 16 10 Centime, Pattern Unadopted "small head" type with IER and stars in obv legend, otherwise as K43. GHW on truncation and ESSAI beneath neck. L16) Bronze, 10.13gm K-E2 AU-UC50% ; L15) Silver, 11.70gm K43a 10 Centime European strike (likely Belgium), 9.80-10.03gm L22 Pr-G, well worn (could be restrikes?) $1.75 each; (a) early strike, bold, slightly o.c. UC10%; (b,c) die crack above U CAMB, softer strikes UC85-90% K43b 10 Centime European strike (likely Heaton), 10.15gm C.WURDEN below neck is bolder, and the lettering both sides is more cursive in style. Better strike and more "prooflike" appearance than 43a (L22v) K43E 10 Centime, Essai European strike (likely Belgium), 9.31, "E" beside neck, otherwise just as 43a L20, KM-EA3 K43R 10 Centime Restrikes R1) Cracked dies L-23/24 F-VF (not shown) , Good strike UC20% ; R2) VF ; R3) "CENTINES" weak Fine ; R4) Re-engraved denomination with massive rev. die problems, interesting L-26 Fine ; R5) Various pieces with re-engraved rev legend L-27, etc. (not shown) Each: K44 25 Centime Belgian strike, 1.31gm L35 K44E 25 Centime, Essai Belgian strike. 44E) Essai, 1.37gm, KM-E3, L31 Proof strike, UC ; 44EP) Piefort Essai, 2.66gm, L30, KM-P3 K44R 25 Centime Restrike, 1899 KM44.2, L37 1.46gm F-VF, weak rev (a) ; 1.55gm EF-AU, weak rev (b) K44RG 25 Centime, Gold Gold Restrike, 1899 1.78gm KMPn6, L36 Auction result: UBS (Swiss) 9/6/05, Lot 4717: . K45 50 Centime Belgian strike, 2.64gm, L45 Pr/G, holed ; K45E 50 Centime, Essai Belgian strike, L42, KM-E4 Regular strike, "E" 2.45gm AU ; Proof Strike with wire rim, 2.63gm K45R 50 Centime Restrike, 1899 KM45.2, L48-50? 1.39gm, thin flan, cracked & rough dies K45M 50 Centime Restrike of the "1860" obverse with a new reverse die, suggesting this SOUVENIR die was produced before 1902. L109 2.15gm VF, decent strike (b) ; 2.33gm (a) K46 1 Franc Belgian strike, D of signature over 0 of date (= Die used for restrikes), gm, L57 K46EP 1 Franc, Essai Belgian strike, "E" by neck, double-thick Piefort, DE of signature over 0 of date, a different die than used for business strikes. 10.75gm, L53 K46R 1 Franc Restrike, 1899 & other? R) 3.78gm Usual thin, crude flan, weak strike typical of the 1899 restrikes, L60 looks F-VF (a) R2) 4.09gm, coarse reeding, unusual ↑ ↑ rotation; dies show rust but no cracks. Good appearance, probably pre-1899, L61 (b) K47a 2 Franc Belgian strike, 9.31gm, L68, D of signature center-right over O of date; die used for regular and restrikes. K47b 2 Franc Belgian strike, 10.0gm, L68v, D of signature centered over O of date; an earlier strike, judging by progressive die problems. K47E 2 Franc, Essai Belgian strike, E by neck, die as 47a, L65, 10.12gm (a) Proof strike, UC ; 9.91gm (b) K47R 2 Franc Restrike, 1899 & other? R) 7.35gm, L70, (a) crude VF, edge filings & scratches ; 7.24gm, L70, (b) crude, looks VF-EF ; R2) 7.92gm (heavier), unusual ↑ ↑ rotation, probably earlier than 1899 restrike, L71 (c) K48a 4 Franc Belgian strike, 19.71gm, L80, D of signature center-left over O of date; die used for regular and restrikes. Auction results this variety: Stacks 12/17/08, Lot 1075; , Goldbergs 5/26/08, Lot 882; !! K48b 4 Franc Belgian strike, 20.34gm, L80, D of signature centered over O of date. Auction results this variety: Hess-Divo 11/27/04, Lot 1271; . K48E 4 Franc, Essai Belgian strike, E by neck, die as 48a, L74 20.38gm No auction results found, but Lecompte prices them the same as Proofs. K48E2 4 Franc, Essai Belgian strike, E by neck, die as 48a, plain edge. Lecompte #79 is given as a plain edged Proof non-Essai issue 15.30gm (light) No auction results found, but Lecompte prices them the same as Proofs. K48R 4 Franc Restrike, 1899, 15.76-17.53gm, L83, AU-UC (a) (a slabbed MS62 brought ; VF (c,d,e) each; Low grades: Fine (f) ; G-Vg (g,h) ; AF, hole, Plain edge! (could be altered??) (j) K49a Piastre-Peso Belgian strike, 25.53gm, L93, N of signature centered over O of date; this die also used for restrikes. Lecompte does not list proofs, but business strikes could be mistaken as such. Recent auction results for "Proofs": Stacks 4/24/08, Lot 1419 Pitted die: ; Goldberg 5/26/08, Lot 881 Scratches in field: , and the same coin in Stacks 1/12/09, Lot 4381: K49b Piastre-Peso Belgian strike, 27.10gm, L93v, O of signature centered over O of date. K49C Piastre-Peso Copper, plated in silver, plain edge, die as 49b, 17.21gm, L89 K49R Piastre-Peso Restrike, probably pre-1899 Die roughness evident, esp. @ 5:00-7:00 obv. Edge reeding very faint. Proper weight (25.55gm). Lecompte does not list a restrike. The quality of this piece places it in a league with regular strikes.
1902 Series Even the European-struck Essais show die cracks, suggesting poor initial quality, and by 1902, year of the Hanoi Exhibition, new dies were clearly required. The new design features variations in date (1902) portrait, coat of arms & legends; "SOUVENIR" in place of denomination, and plain edges.
K44S 25 Centime 1902, Hanoi Expo commem? 1.46-1.53gm New design: variations in portrait, coat of arms & legends; "SOUVENIR" replaces denomination, plain edges. L106, KM-nl AU (a) ; K44SG 25 Centime, Gold 1902, Hanoi Expo commem? 1.97gm, L105, K45S 50 Centime 1902, Hanoi Expo commem? SOUVENIR L108 2.29gm Vg-F, hole (b) ; 2.22gm (a) K46S 1 Franc 1902, Hanoi Expo commem? SOUVENIR L111, 3.38gm (a) VF+ ; 4.16gm (b) EF+ ; 4.25gm (c)
Independent Coinage Turbulence as a result of America's war in Vietnam produced a series of governments 1953 - present. The communist regimes put Cambodia's name on a series of ridiculous commemoratives of themes and events bearing no relation to Cambodia, produced by the Havana Mint.
K51-53 10, 20, 50 Centimes 1953, aluminum, Y11-13 Set UC ; K51E-53E 10, 20, 50 Centimes, Essai 1953, aluminum, Proofs with ESSAI in reverse field, KM-E9, E10, E11 K51E, 52E) 10 or 20 Centime, each ; K53E) 50 Centime K51P-53P 10, 20, 50 Centimes, Piefort 1953, aluminum, Proof on double thick planchet with ESSAI in reverse field, 104 mintage, KM-PE9, PE10, PE11. Ponterio 4/25/08 Sale, 10 and 20 Centime set, Lot 1673: ; K52P) 20 Centime ; K53P) 50 Centime K54-56 10, 20, 50 Centimes 1959, aluminum, Y11a-13a (K56 50 Centimes UC ) K59 Riel Khmer Repiblic, 1979, F.A.O. EF-AU ; K64 50,000 Riels, Gold 1974, Three dancers in headgear K69 5 Sen Kampuchea, 1979 K70 20 Riels 1988, Sailing ship, Cuba MintK75 4 Riels 1991, 700 Years Swiss Unity, an important anniversary in Cambodia!
Emblem of Cambodia under UNTAC.
Autor: Sarumo74, Licence: CC BY 3.0
Emblem of the State of Cambodia, based on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_People% 27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea.jpg and the Inter-American High Atlas, 1989, 15 edition. Edit. Mesoamerica S.A. de C.V. Mexico. Back cover.