Truhla Davyho Jonese
Truhla Davyho Jonese (anglicky „Davy Jones´s Locker") je výraz označující mořské dno. Je používán námořníky jako eufemistická fráze pro lidi nebo lodě, kteří se utopili a skončili na mořském dně („odpočívají v truhle Davyho Jonese"). Původ není zcela jasný, poprvé se prý zmínka o truhle objevila v 18. století jako námořnická legenda, ale ústně se zřejmě příběh o Davym Jonesovi jako „zlém duchovi" tradoval již dříve. Postavu Davyho Jonese zpopularizoval film Piráti z Karibiku: Truhla mrtvého muže.[1]
Původ
Není zcela jasné, kdo měl být oním Davym Jonesem, ale existují různé spekulace[1]:
- kapitán lodi Bludný Holanďan, který měl za úkol převádět duše zesnulých do onoho světa. Když se po mnoha letech dostal na souš, těšil se na setkání se svou milovanou bohyní Kalypsó, ta se však neukázala.
- Davy Jones, majitel britské hospody, který záměrně opíjel své hosty a poté je zamykal do skříně, aby je mohl prodávat projíždějícím lodí jako otroky. Tento hostinský se poté, co jeho podnik zkrachoval, stal pirátem. V ukradené lodi přepadával ostatní plavidla. Většinu členů zajatých posádek popravil, zbytek uzamkl na palubě a nechal je i s lodí potopit.
- pirátský kapitán jménem Davy Jones, který v 30. letech 17. století plul Indickým oceánem. Mnoho historiků se ovšem domnívá, že tento kapitán nebyl natolik známý, aby se stal legendou.
- krátkozraký námořník jménem Duffer Jones, který se proslavil tím, že často padal přes palubu.
- námořníky obávaný duch proroka Jonáše.
- svatý David. Tato verze je rozšířená především mezi Velšany, jejich patron prý chrání dobré námořníky, zlé posílá do truhly Davyho Jonese.
- zlý duch Duppy, tradován na ostrovech Západní Indie.[1]
Zmínky v médiích
V literatuře:
- Kniha Daniela Defoea Four Years Voyages of Capt. George Roberts (1726)
- Kniha Tobiase Smoletta Dobrodružství Peregrina Pickla (The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, 1751)
- Povídka Edgara Allana Poea Král Mor (King Pest, 1835)
- Román Hermana Mellvila Bílá velryba (Moby-Dick, 1851)
- Román Charlese Dickense Ponurý dům (Bleak House, 1853)
- Kniha Roberta Louise Stevensona Ostrov pokladů (Treasure Island, 1883)[1]
Ve filmu a televizi:
- Davy Jones jako hlavní záporná postava filmu Piráti z Karibiku: Truhla mrtvého muže, hraje Bill Nighy[2].
- Truhla Davyho Jonese je několikrát zmíněna v seriálu SpongeBob v kalhotách, kde je znázorněna jako plechová šatní skříňka plná smradlavých ponožek a duší. Jednou se objevila i po boku Davyho Jonese – hudebníka skupiny The Monkees[3].
Reference
- ↑ a b c d MAMBRA, Shamseer. The Real Story Behind The “Davy Jones’ Locker”. Marine Insight [online]. 2022-05-19 [cit. 2022-09-17]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)
- ↑ Piráti z Karibiku: Truhla mrtvého muže (2006). [s.l.]: [s.n.] Dostupné online.
- ↑ Davy Jones: Four zany moments, from 'Brady Bunch' to 'SpongeBob'. Los Angeles Times [online]. 2012-02-29 [cit. 2022-09-17]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)
Média použitá na této stránce
Illustration of Davy Jones sitting on his locker, wearing a pirate captain's uniform, while viewing a 1789 chart of Ferrol Harbor, Spain, belonging to HMS Howe. The ship had run aground at the mouth of the harbor on 2 November 1892, allegedly after using a poorly prepared naval chart to navigate its waters. A Royal Navy court-martial opened an inquiry into the conduct of Vice Admiral Henry Fairfax, who was charged with negligence for ordering a hazardous course when the ship entered harbor. On 7 January 1893 the court found that the charge against Fairfax was not proven.
"Davy Jones' Locker" is an idiom for the bottom of the sea: the state of death among drowned sailors. It is used as a euphemism for death at sea (to be "sent to Davy Jones's Locker"), whereas the name Davy Jones is a nickname for what would be the devil, saint, or god of the seas. The origins of the name are unclear and many theories have been put forth, including incompetent sailors, a pub owner who kidnapped sailors, or that Davy Jones is another name for the devil—as in "Devil Jonah". This nautical superstition was popularized in the 19th century.
The imprint:
CHART
of
FERROL HARBR
1789
HMS HOWE
The title and caption (not shown):
"DAVY JONES'S LOCKER."
Davy Jones. "AHA! SO LONG AS THEY STICK TO THEM OLD CHARTS, NO FEAR O' MY LOCKER BEIN' EMPTY!!"
The accompanying text feature (not shown):
"DAVY JONES'S LOCKER."
Davy Jones, loquitur:—
"Fifteen men on the dead man's chest. Hey! ho! and a bottle of rum!"
Faith, that's a chorus I can rattle off with zest. Gratefully it clatters upon Davy's tym-pa-num,
Like a devil's tattoo from Death's drum! Fi! Fo! Fum! These be very parlous times for old legends of the sea.
Vanderdecken is taboo'd, the Sea Sarpint is pooh-pooh'd, but 'tis plain as any pikestaff they can't disestablish Me!
Daddy Neptune may delight in the Island trim and tight, where his sea-dogs breed and fight, as in days of yore,
When old Charlie Dibdin's fancy piped free songs of Jack and Nancy, of Jolly Salts at sea, and Old Tarry-Breeks ashore;
But if Britons rule the waves, as the grog-fired sailor raves, when he dreams of glorious graves in the deep dark main,
Daddy Neptune must allow Davy shares his empire now, or the Sultan and the Howe have gone down in vain.
Daddy Neptune loves me not. Plumped by storm or by shot, my Locker held a lot in the days gone by,
But 'tis daily growing fuller. Is the British Tar off colour, are the sea-dogs slower, duller, though as game to die?
Has Science spoilt their skill, that their iron pots so fill my old Locker? How I thrill at the lumbering crash,
When a-crunch upon a rock, with a thundering Titan shock, goes some shapeless metal block, to immortal smash?
Oh! it's real, rasping fun! Mighty hull, monster gun, all are mine ere all's done; and the millions madly spent
On a lollopping wolloping kettle, with ten thousand tons of metal sink as the Titans settle, turtle-turned, or wrenched and rent,
To my rocks and my ooze. I seem little like to lose by the "Progress" some abuse, and the many crack up.
Ah! Neptune, sour old lad, Davy Jones may well look glad at the modern Iron-clad, and thank Armstrong and Krupp!
Science and Salvage? Fudge! If I am any judge, my sea-depths and salt sludge will not lose by them.
Nep calls me callous mocker, but, according to my Cocker, I may laugh, with a full Locker, whilst the fools condemn.
Think of daring the blue brine with a chart of the Eighty-Nine, and "a regular goldmine" in one huge black hulk!
Whilst the lubbers stick to that, I shall flourish and grow fat like a shark or ocean-rat, though old Nep may sulk.
Demon-Sexton of the Deep! Ha! ha! Ho! ho! I keep my old office. Wives may weep, and the taxpayers moan;
Let the grumblers make appeal to King Science! Lords of Steel, Iron Chieftains, do ye feel when your victims groan?
Davy Jones is well content with that tribute ye have sent, with the millions ye have spent just to glut his gorge;
He had seldom such a fill in the days of wood—and skill—constant sea-fights, or the spill of the Royal George.
Good old false last-century Chart! Though the conning may be smart, and the steersman play his part, Palinurus-like,
Whilst they trust to your vain vellum, which is almost sure to sell 'em, even Davy Jones can tell 'em, they may sink or strike.
Hooray, King Death, hooray! Who says we've had our day! Pass the rum and let's be gay. Not that "dead man's chest,"
Robert Louis grimly sings, like my "Locker Chorus" rings—mingling weirdly wedded things—grisly doom and jest!