Lviv pogrom (June - July 1941)

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NeznámýUnknown author

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https://czwiki.cz/b/931a

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Wikimedia Commons

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438 x 600 Pixel (216758 Bytes)

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Photograph of the Lviv pogrom on or around 1 July 1941 in Lviv, German-occupied Poland (now Ukraine). The Germans encouraged attacks on the Jewish community in two pogroms, 30 June – 2 July 1941 and 25 – 29 July 1941, during which around 6,000 Polish Jews were killed by Ukrainian nationalists and local people. John-Paul Himka (2011). "The Lviv Pogrom of 1941: The Germans, Ukrainian Nationalists, and the Carnival Crowd". Canadian Slavonic Papers 53 (2–4): 209–243.: "A woman stripped to her underwear is being chased by a uniformed boy with a stick as well as by an adolescent. The action is taking place near Zamarstyniv street prison [Lviv], on a street then called Pompierska. Now that street is called Vesela, that is, HappyStreet. (Courtesy of Wiener Library)" (p. 233). "One of the characteristic features of the pogrom was the maltreatment and humiliation of Jewish women. The scenes at Zamarstyniv street were photographed by a German camera crew; there is also a film of the abuse" (p. 213). Of this image, figure 4: "In the women's action of 1 July, memoirs and photographs show the perpetrators as mainly grown men, but also teenagers and even children (Figure 4)" (p. 233). Himka writes of the photographs: "The major collection of photographs is in the Wiener Library, photos 1615, 1618, 1635, 1650, 1676, 1677 (photo 1647 actually shows a naked and bloodied man). These photos are frequently reproduced. ... Another photo from this same incident is in USHMM, Photo Archives, 86319" (p. 213, note 13). There is also a film of the pogrom: "USHMM Film Archive, tape 402, story RG-60.0441. This film is in very damaged condition. But many stills made from a less deteriorated copy are available in USHMM, Photo Archives, 73666" (Himka, p. 213, note 14). For more on the film, see below.

Licence:

Public domain

Credit:

"Invasion pogrom". Yad Vashem: "Jewish woman chased by Ukrainian crowd during the pogrom. Yad Vashem Photo Collection, 80DO2". For the film see "Lvov Pogrom, Jews rounded up, beatings", USHHM: "The film was seized by the U.S. Army in an SS barracks near Augsburg, Germany, and was delivered to the military police, who, in turn, delivered it to the legal office of the U.S. Chief of Counsel for Prosecution of Major European War Criminals. The film was introduced as evidence (USA Exhibit 280) at the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg, to demonstrate Nazi mistreatment of defenseless men and women. A textual description of the scenes (Document 3052-PS) was also included in the documentation. The film was eventually deposited at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), and copies of it have been made available to the public." Elsewhere on the page, they say the film was screened in the courtroom at Nuremberg on 13 December 1945.

Also see Lviv pogrom of 1941 in pictures. Axis History Forum. Other links:

• Street identified (archived).
• [1] (includes an earlier frame)

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